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Association of Early MRI Characteristics With Subsequent Epilepsy and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Children With Tuberous Sclerosis Complex

HM. Hulshof, HJ. Kuijf, K. Kotulska, P. Curatolo, B. Weschke, K. Riney, P. Krsek, M. Feucht, R. Nabbout, L. Lagae, A. Jansen, WM. Otte, MH. Lequin, K. Sijko, A. Benvenuto, C. Hertzberg, B. Benova, T. Scholl, J. De Ridder, EMA. Aronica, DJ....

Hulshof, Hanna M
Author Hulshof, Hanna M ORCID From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland. h.m.hulshof-3@umcutrecht.nl
Kuijf, Hugo J
Author Kuijf, Hugo J ORCID From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
Kotulska, Katarzyna
Author Kotulska, Katarzyna ORCID From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
Curatolo, Paolo
Author Curatolo, Paolo ORCID From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
Weschke, Bernhard
Author Weschke, Bernhard ORCID From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
Riney, Kate
Author Riney, Kate ORCID From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
Krsek, Pavel
Author Krsek, Pavel ORCID From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
Feucht, Martha
Author Feucht, Martha ORCID From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
Nabbout, Rima
Author Nabbout, Rima ORCID From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
Lagae, Lieven
Author Lagae, Lieven ORCID From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
Jansen, Anna
Author Jansen, Anna ORCID From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
Otte, Wim M
Author Otte, Wim M ORCID From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
Lequin, Maarten H
Author Lequin, Maarten H ORCID From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
Sijko, Kamil
Author Sijko, Kamil ORCID From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
Benvenuto, Arianna
Author Benvenuto, Arianna ORCID From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
Hertzberg, Christoph
Author Hertzberg, Christoph ORCID From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
Benova, Barbora
Author Benova, Barbora ORCID From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
Scholl, Theresa
Author Scholl, Theresa ORCID From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
De Ridder, Jessie
Author De Ridder, Jessie ORCID From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
Aronica, Eleonora M A
Author Aronica, Eleonora M A ORCID From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
Kwiatkowski, David J
Author Kwiatkowski, David J ORCID From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
Jozwiak, Sergiusz
Author Jozwiak, Sergiusz ORCID From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
Jurkiewicz, Elzbieta
Author Jurkiewicz, Elzbieta ORCID From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
Braun, Kees
Author Braun, Kees ORCID From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
Jansen, Floor E
Author Jansen, Floor E ORCID From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
EPISTOP consortium
Author EPISTOP consortium

Neurology. 2022 ; 98 (12) : e1216-e1225. [pub] 20220131

ISSN 1526-632X
Medvik
Source

Language English Country United States

Document type Journal Article, Multicenter Study, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Persistent link https://www.medvik.cz/link/bmc22019144

PubMed 35101906
DOI 10.1212/wnl.0000000000200027
Knihovny.cz E-resources

MeSH
Child MeSH
Epilepsy * complications etiology MeSH
Infant MeSH
Humans MeSH
Magnetic Resonance Imaging MeSH
Child, Preschool MeSH
Prospective Studies MeSH
Tuberous Sclerosis * complications diagnostic imaging genetics MeSH
Seizures complications MeSH
Check Tag
Child MeSH
Infant MeSH
Humans MeSH
Child, Preschool MeSH
Publication type
Journal Article MeSH
Multicenter Study MeSH
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Multiple factors have been found to contribute to the high risk of epilepsy in infants with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), including evolution of EEG abnormalities, TSC gene variant, and MRI characteristics. The aim of this prospective multicenter study was to identify early MRI biomarkers of epilepsy in infants with TSC aged <6 months and before seizure onset, and associate these MRI biomarkers with neurodevelopmental outcomes at 2 years of age. The study was part of the EPISTOP project. METHODS: We evaluated brain MRIs performed in infants younger than 6 months with TSC. We used harmonized MRI protocols across centers and children were monitored closely with neuropsychological evaluation and serial video EEG. MRI characteristics, defined as tubers, radial migration lines, white matter abnormalities, cysts, calcifications, subependymal nodules (SEN), and subependymal giant cell astrocytoma (SEGA), were visually evaluated and lesions were detected semiautomatically. Lesion to brain volume ratios were calculated and associated with epilepsy and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 2 years. RESULTS: Lesions were assessed on MRIs from 77 infants with TSC; 62 MRIs were sufficient for volume analysis. The presence of tubers and higher tuber-brain ratios were associated with the development of clinical seizures, independently of TSC gene variation and preventive treatment. Furthermore, higher tuber-brain ratios were associated with lower cognitive and motor development quotients at 2 years, independently of TSC gene variation and presence of epilepsy. DISCUSSION: In infants with TSC, there is a significant association between characteristic TSC lesions detected on early brain MRI and development of clinical seizures, as well as neurodevelopmental outcomes in the first 2 years of life. According to our results, early brain MRI findings may guide clinical care for young children with TSC. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provides Class I evidence that in infants with TSC, there is a significant association between characteristic TSC lesions on early brain MRI and the development of clinical seizures and neurodevelopmental outcomes in the first 2 years of life.

Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA

Department of Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam Amsterdam Neuroscience

Department of Child Neurology Medical University of Warsaw Poland

Department of Neuropediatrics Germany

Department of Pediatric Neurology Motol University Hospital Prague Czech Republic

Department of Pediatric Neurology Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital * Paris France

Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry Tor Vergata University Rome Italy

From the Department of Pediatric Neurology Brain Center University Medical Center Utrecht the Netherlands

Instytut Pomnik Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka The Children's Memorial Health Institute * Warsaw Poland

Katholieke Universiteit * Leuven

Medizinische Universitaet Wien * Vienna Austria

Neurosciences Unit Queensland Children's Hospital Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland Brisbane Australia

Pediatric Neurology Unit Department of Pediatrics UZ Brussel Brussels Belgium

Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland Hoofddorp the Netherlands

Transition Technologies Warsaw Poland

Utrecht University the Netherlands

References provided by Crossref.org

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100 1_: $a Hulshof, Hanna M $u From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland; Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany; Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria; Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France; Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven; Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands; Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland; Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience; Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands; Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland. h.m.hulshof-3@umcutrecht.nl $1 https://orcid.org/0000000301221174

245 10: $a Association of Early MRI Characteristics With Subsequent Epilepsy and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Children With Tuberous Sclerosis Complex / $c HM. Hulshof, HJ. Kuijf, K. Kotulska, P. Curatolo, B. Weschke, K. Riney, P. Krsek, M. Feucht, R. Nabbout, L. Lagae, A. Jansen, WM. Otte, MH. Lequin, K. Sijko, A. Benvenuto, C. Hertzberg, B. Benova, T. Scholl, J. De Ridder, EMA. Aronica, DJ. Kwiatkowski, S. Jozwiak, E. Jurkiewicz, K. Braun, FE. Jansen, EPISTOP consortium

520 9_: $a BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Multiple factors have been found to contribute to the high risk of epilepsy in infants with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), including evolution of EEG abnormalities, TSC gene variant, and MRI characteristics. The aim of this prospective multicenter study was to identify early MRI biomarkers of epilepsy in infants with TSC aged <6 months and before seizure onset, and associate these MRI biomarkers with neurodevelopmental outcomes at 2 years of age. The study was part of the EPISTOP project. METHODS: We evaluated brain MRIs performed in infants younger than 6 months with TSC. We used harmonized MRI protocols across centers and children were monitored closely with neuropsychological evaluation and serial video EEG. MRI characteristics, defined as tubers, radial migration lines, white matter abnormalities, cysts, calcifications, subependymal nodules (SEN), and subependymal giant cell astrocytoma (SEGA), were visually evaluated and lesions were detected semiautomatically. Lesion to brain volume ratios were calculated and associated with epilepsy and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 2 years. RESULTS: Lesions were assessed on MRIs from 77 infants with TSC; 62 MRIs were sufficient for volume analysis. The presence of tubers and higher tuber-brain ratios were associated with the development of clinical seizures, independently of TSC gene variation and preventive treatment. Furthermore, higher tuber-brain ratios were associated with lower cognitive and motor development quotients at 2 years, independently of TSC gene variation and presence of epilepsy. DISCUSSION: In infants with TSC, there is a significant association between characteristic TSC lesions detected on early brain MRI and development of clinical seizures, as well as neurodevelopmental outcomes in the first 2 years of life. According to our results, early brain MRI findings may guide clinical care for young children with TSC. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provides Class I evidence that in infants with TSC, there is a significant association between characteristic TSC lesions on early brain MRI and the development of clinical seizures and neurodevelopmental outcomes in the first 2 years of life.

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655 _2: $a práce podpořená grantem $7 D013485

700 1_: $a Kuijf, Hugo J $u From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland; Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany; Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria; Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France; Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven; Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands; Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland; Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience; Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands; Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland $1 https://orcid.org/0000000169979059

700 1_: $a Kotulska, Katarzyna $u From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland; Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany; Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria; Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France; Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven; Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands; Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland; Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience; Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands; Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland $1 https://orcid.org/0000000268484916

700 1_: $a Curatolo, Paolo $u From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland; Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany; Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria; Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France; Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven; Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands; Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland; Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience; Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands; Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland $1 https://orcid.org/000000034253752X

700 1_: $a Weschke, Bernhard $u From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland; Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany; Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria; Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France; Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven; Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands; Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland; Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience; Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands; Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland $1 https://orcid.org/0000000345330743

700 1_: $a Riney, Kate $u From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland; Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany; Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria; Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France; Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven; Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands; Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland; Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience; Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands; Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland $1 https://orcid.org/0000000211223555

700 1_: $a Krsek, Pavel $u From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland; Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany; Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria; Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France; Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven; Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands; Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland; Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience; Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands; Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland $1 https://orcid.org/0000000230711589

700 1_: $a Feucht, Martha $u From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland; Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany; Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria; Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France; Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven; Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands; Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland; Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience; Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands; Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland $1 https://orcid.org/0000000176918158

700 1_: $a Nabbout, Rima $u From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland; Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany; Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria; Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France; Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven; Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands; Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland; Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience; Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands; Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland $1 https://orcid.org/0000000158774074

700 1_: $a Lagae, Lieven $u From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland; Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany; Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria; Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France; Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven; Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands; Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland; Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience; Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands; Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland $1 https://orcid.org/0000000271180139

700 1_: $a Jansen, Anna $u From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland; Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany; Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria; Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France; Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven; Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands; Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland; Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience; Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands; Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland $1 https://orcid.org/0000000238352824

700 1_: $a Otte, Wim M $u From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland; Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany; Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria; Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France; Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven; Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands; Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland; Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience; Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands; Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland $1 https://orcid.org/0000000315116834

700 1_: $a Lequin, Maarten H $u From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland; Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany; Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria; Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France; Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven; Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands; Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland; Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience; Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands; Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland $1 https://orcid.org/0000000176719191

700 1_: $a Sijko, Kamil $u From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland; Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany; Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria; Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France; Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven; Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands; Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland; Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience; Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands; Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland $1 https://orcid.org/0000000222031065

700 1_: $a Benvenuto, Arianna $u From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland; Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany; Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria; Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France; Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven; Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands; Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland; Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience; Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands; Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland $1 https://orcid.org/0000000167983820

700 1_: $a Hertzberg, Christoph $u From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland; Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany; Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria; Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France; Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven; Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands; Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland; Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience; Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands; Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland $1 https://orcid.org/0000000255508675

700 1_: $a Benova, Barbora $u From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland; Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany; Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria; Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France; Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven; Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands; Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland; Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience; Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands; Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland $1 https://orcid.org/0000000184482833

700 1_: $a Scholl, Theresa $u From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland; Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany; Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria; Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France; Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven; Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands; Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland; Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience; Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands; Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland $1 https://orcid.org/0000000298357328

700 1_: $a De Ridder, Jessie $u From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland; Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany; Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria; Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France; Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven; Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands; Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland; Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience; Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands; Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland $1 https://orcid.org/0000000285557822

700 1_: $a Aronica, Eleonora M A $u From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland; Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany; Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria; Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France; Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven; Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands; Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland; Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience; Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands; Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland $1 https://orcid.org/0000000235423770

700 1_: $a Kwiatkowski, David J $u From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland; Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany; Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria; Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France; Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven; Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands; Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland; Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience; Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands; Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland $1 https://orcid.org/0000000256685219

700 1_: $a Jozwiak, Sergiusz $u From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland; Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany; Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria; Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France; Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven; Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands; Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland; Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience; Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands; Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland $1 https://orcid.org/0000000333506326

700 1_: $a Jurkiewicz, Elzbieta $u From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland; Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany; Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria; Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France; Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven; Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands; Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland; Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience; Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands; Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland $1 https://orcid.org/0000000345058815

700 1_: $a Braun, Kees $u From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland; Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany; Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria; Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France; Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven; Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands; Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland; Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience; Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands; Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland $1 https://orcid.org/0000000336310003

700 1_: $a Jansen, Floor E $u From the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center (H.M.H., W.M.O., K.B., F.E.J.),* Image Sciences Institute (H.J.K.), Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences (W.M.O.), and Department of Radiology (M.H.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka (K.K., K.S., S.J., E.J.), The Children's Memorial Health Institute,* Warsaw, Poland; Department of Pediatric Neuropsychiatry (P.C., A.B.), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuropediatrics (B.W. C.H.), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany; Neurosciences Unit (K.R.), Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane Australia and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Department of Pediatric Neurology (P.K., B.B.), Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Medizinische Universitaet Wien (M.F., T.S.),* Vienna, Austria; Department of Pediatric Neurology (R.N.), Necker Enfants Maladies Hospital,* Paris, France; Katholieke Universiteit (L.L., J.D.R.),* Leuven; Pediatric Neurology Unit (A.J.), Department of Pediatrics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; Utrecht University (W.M.O.), the Netherlands; Transition Technologies (K.S.), Warsaw, Poland; Department of (Neuro)Pathology (E.M.A.A.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience; Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN) (E.M.A.A.), Hoofddorp, the Netherlands; Brigham and Women's Hospital (D.J.K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Department of Child Neurology (S.J.), Medical University of Warsaw, Poland $1 https://orcid.org/0000000307455668

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Association of Early MRI Characteristics With Subsequent Epilepsy and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Children With Tuberous Sclerosis Complex

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