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Post-enucleation socket syndrome-a novel pathophysiological definition
AC. Rokohl, A. Kopecky, M. Trester, PA. Wawer Matos, KR. Pine, LM. Heindl
Language English Country Germany
Document type Journal Article, Review
NLK
ProQuest Central
from 1997-10-01 to 1 year ago
Medline Complete (EBSCOhost)
from 2009-07-01 to 1 year ago
Health & Medicine (ProQuest)
from 1997-10-01 to 1 year ago
- MeSH
- Atrophy MeSH
- Eye Enucleation MeSH
- Hydroxyapatites MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Orbital Diseases * diagnosis etiology surgery MeSH
- Eye, Artificial adverse effects MeSH
- Orbital Implants * adverse effects MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Review MeSH
BACKGROUND: The last definition of the post-enucleation socket syndrome (PESS) by Tyers and Collin-formulated almost 40 years ago in 1982-is predominantly based on the clinical characteristics and does not include the insights of newer studies into the pathophysiological mechanism of the PESS. METHODS: A systematic PubMed literature review regarding the pathophysiological mechanism of the PESS was performed, and results were comprised to give an overview of the current knowledge of the PESS including the exact pathophysiological mechanism. RESULTS: The primarily postulated pathophysiological mechanism of the PESS was the atrophy of orbital tissues, especially of fat, resulting in variable clinical findings. Newer studies using high-resolution computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging or performing histopathological analyses found no orbital fat atrophy but rather a rotatory displacement of the orbital tissues from superior to posterior and from posterior to inferior together with the retraction of the extraocular muscles and a possible volume loss of the orbital implant by resorption if it is manufactured from hydroxyapatite. PESS results in a backward tilt of the superior fornix, a deep superior sulcus, a pseudo-ptosis, a lower eyelid elongation and laxity, a shallower inferior fornix, as well as enophthalmos and may lead to an inability of wearing ocular prostheses. CONCLUSIONS: A novel and comprehensive definition of the PESS is proposed: PESS is a multifactorial and variable syndrome caused by a rotatory displacement of orbital contents together with the retraction of the extraocular muscles and possible resorption of the orbital implant if it is manufactured from hydroxyapatite.
Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Dusseldorf Cologne Germany
Department of Craniofacial Surgery Faculty of Medicine University of Ostrava Ostrava Czech Republic
Ophthalmology Clinic University Hospital Ostrava Ostrava Czech Republic
School of Optometry and Vision Science University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
Trester Institute for Ocular Prosthetics and Artificial Eyes Cologne Germany
References provided by Crossref.org
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- $a BACKGROUND: The last definition of the post-enucleation socket syndrome (PESS) by Tyers and Collin-formulated almost 40 years ago in 1982-is predominantly based on the clinical characteristics and does not include the insights of newer studies into the pathophysiological mechanism of the PESS. METHODS: A systematic PubMed literature review regarding the pathophysiological mechanism of the PESS was performed, and results were comprised to give an overview of the current knowledge of the PESS including the exact pathophysiological mechanism. RESULTS: The primarily postulated pathophysiological mechanism of the PESS was the atrophy of orbital tissues, especially of fat, resulting in variable clinical findings. Newer studies using high-resolution computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging or performing histopathological analyses found no orbital fat atrophy but rather a rotatory displacement of the orbital tissues from superior to posterior and from posterior to inferior together with the retraction of the extraocular muscles and a possible volume loss of the orbital implant by resorption if it is manufactured from hydroxyapatite. PESS results in a backward tilt of the superior fornix, a deep superior sulcus, a pseudo-ptosis, a lower eyelid elongation and laxity, a shallower inferior fornix, as well as enophthalmos and may lead to an inability of wearing ocular prostheses. CONCLUSIONS: A novel and comprehensive definition of the PESS is proposed: PESS is a multifactorial and variable syndrome caused by a rotatory displacement of orbital contents together with the retraction of the extraocular muscles and possible resorption of the orbital implant if it is manufactured from hydroxyapatite.
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