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Rescue left bundle branch area pacing in coronary venous lead failure or nonresponse to biventricular pacing: Results from International LBBAP Collaborative Study Group

P. Vijayaraman, B. Herweg, A. Verma, PS. Sharma, SA. Batul, SS. Ponnusamy, RD. Schaller, O. Cano, M. Molina-Lerma, K. Curila, W. Huybrechts, DR. Wilson, LM. Rademakers, P. Sreekumar, G. Upadhyay, K. Vernooy, FA. Subzposh, W. Huang, M....

. 2022 ; 19 (8) : 1272-1280. [pub] 20220430

Language English Country United States

Document type Journal Article

BACKGROUND: Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) using biventricular pacing (BVP) is effective in patients with heart failure, left bundle branch block (LBBB), and reduced left ventricular function. Left bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP) has been reported as an alternative option for CRT. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility and outcomes of LBBAP in patients who failed conventional BVP because of coronary venous (CV) lead complications or who were nonresponders to BVP. METHODS: At 16 international centers, LBBAP was attempted in patients with conventional CRT indication who failed BVP because of CV lead complications or lack of therapeutic response to BVP. Heart failure hospitalization (HFH) and death, echocardiographic outcomes, procedural data, pacing parameters, and lead complications including CV lead failure are reported. RESULTS: LBBAP was successfully performed in 200 patients (CV lead failures 156; nonresponders 44) (age 68 ± 11 years; female 35%; LBBB 55%; right ventricular pacing 23%; ischemic cardiomyopathy 28%; nonischemic cardiomyopathy 63%; left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF] ≤35% in 80%). Procedural duration was 119.5 ± 59.6 minutes, and fluoroscopy duration was 25.7 ± 18.5 minutes. LBBAP threshold and R-wave amplitudes were 0.68 ± 0.35 V @ 0.45 ms and 10.4 ± 5 mV at implant, respectively, and remained stable during mean follow-up of 12 ± 10.1 months. LBBAP resulted in significant QRS narrowing from 170 ± 28 ms to 139 ± 25 ms (P <.001) with V6 R-wave peak times of 85 ± 17 ms. LVEF improved from 29% ± 10% at baseline to 40% ± 12% (P <.001) during follow-up. The risk of death or HFH was lower in those with CV lead failure than in nonresponders (hazard ratio 0.357; 95% confidence interval 0.168-0.756; P = .007) CONCLUSION: LBBAP is a viable alternative to CRT in patients who failed conventional BVP due to CV lead failure or who were nonresponders.

1st Department of Cardiology Interventional Electrocardiology and Hypertension Jagiellonian University Medical College Krakow Poland

Cardiocenter University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady and 3rd Faculty of Medicine Charles University Prague Prague Czech Republic

Department of Cardiology Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht Maastricht The Netherlands

Department of Cardiology Catharina Ziekenhuis Eindhoven The Netherlands

Department of Cardiology the 1st Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University and The Key Lab of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou Wenzhou China

Department of Cardiology University Hospital Antwerp Belgium

Department of Cardiology Velammal Medical College Hospital and Research Institute Velammal Village Madurai Tamil Nadu India

Division of Cardiology University of South Florida Tampa Florida

Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Electrophysiology Section Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania

Electrophysiology Unit Department of Cardiology Aster Medcity Kochi Kerala India

Geisinger Heart Institute Wilkes Barre Pennsylvania

Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe Valencia Spain and Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en RED en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares

Rush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois

South Lake Regional Health Center University of Toronto Toronto Canada

University of Chicago Chicago Illinois

Virgen de las Nieves Hospital Granada Spain

Virginia Commonwealth University Health System Richmond Virginia

References provided by Crossref.org

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$a BACKGROUND: Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) using biventricular pacing (BVP) is effective in patients with heart failure, left bundle branch block (LBBB), and reduced left ventricular function. Left bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP) has been reported as an alternative option for CRT. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility and outcomes of LBBAP in patients who failed conventional BVP because of coronary venous (CV) lead complications or who were nonresponders to BVP. METHODS: At 16 international centers, LBBAP was attempted in patients with conventional CRT indication who failed BVP because of CV lead complications or lack of therapeutic response to BVP. Heart failure hospitalization (HFH) and death, echocardiographic outcomes, procedural data, pacing parameters, and lead complications including CV lead failure are reported. RESULTS: LBBAP was successfully performed in 200 patients (CV lead failures 156; nonresponders 44) (age 68 ± 11 years; female 35%; LBBB 55%; right ventricular pacing 23%; ischemic cardiomyopathy 28%; nonischemic cardiomyopathy 63%; left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF] ≤35% in 80%). Procedural duration was 119.5 ± 59.6 minutes, and fluoroscopy duration was 25.7 ± 18.5 minutes. LBBAP threshold and R-wave amplitudes were 0.68 ± 0.35 V @ 0.45 ms and 10.4 ± 5 mV at implant, respectively, and remained stable during mean follow-up of 12 ± 10.1 months. LBBAP resulted in significant QRS narrowing from 170 ± 28 ms to 139 ± 25 ms (P <.001) with V6 R-wave peak times of 85 ± 17 ms. LVEF improved from 29% ± 10% at baseline to 40% ± 12% (P <.001) during follow-up. The risk of death or HFH was lower in those with CV lead failure than in nonresponders (hazard ratio 0.357; 95% confidence interval 0.168-0.756; P = .007) CONCLUSION: LBBAP is a viable alternative to CRT in patients who failed conventional BVP due to CV lead failure or who were nonresponders.
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