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Regulatory T Cells: Liquid and Living Precision Medicine for the Future of VCA
M. Kauke-Navarro, S. Knoedler, AC. Panayi, L. Knoedler, OF. Noel, B. Pomahac
Jazyk angličtina Země Spojené státy americké
Typ dokumentu přehledy, časopisecké články
- MeSH
- imunologická tolerance MeSH
- individualizovaná medicína MeSH
- regulační T-lymfocyty * MeSH
- rejekce štěpu MeSH
- vaskularizovaná kompozitní alotransplantace * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Transplant rejection remains a challenge especially in the field of vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA). To blunt the alloreactive immune response' stable levels of maintenance immunosupression are required. However' the need for lifelong immunosuppression poses the risk of severe side effects, such as increased risk of infection, metabolic complications, and malignancies. To balance therapeutic efficacy and medication side effects, immunotolerance promoting immune cells (especially regulatory T cells [Treg]) have become of great scientific interest. This approach leverages immune system mechanisms that usually ensure immunotolerance toward self-antigens and prevent autoimmunopathies. Treg can be bioengineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor or a T-cell receptor. Such bioengineered Treg can target specific antigens and thereby reduce unwanted off-target effects. Treg have demonstrated beneficial clinical effects in solid organ transplantation and promising in vivo data in VCAs. In this review, we summarize the functional, phenotypic, and immunometabolic characteristics of Treg and outline recent advancements and current developments regarding Treg in the field of VCA and solid organ transplantation.
Citace poskytuje Crossref.org
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- $a Kauke-Navarro, Martin $u Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale New Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT $u Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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- $a Transplant rejection remains a challenge especially in the field of vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA). To blunt the alloreactive immune response' stable levels of maintenance immunosupression are required. However' the need for lifelong immunosuppression poses the risk of severe side effects, such as increased risk of infection, metabolic complications, and malignancies. To balance therapeutic efficacy and medication side effects, immunotolerance promoting immune cells (especially regulatory T cells [Treg]) have become of great scientific interest. This approach leverages immune system mechanisms that usually ensure immunotolerance toward self-antigens and prevent autoimmunopathies. Treg can be bioengineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor or a T-cell receptor. Such bioengineered Treg can target specific antigens and thereby reduce unwanted off-target effects. Treg have demonstrated beneficial clinical effects in solid organ transplantation and promising in vivo data in VCAs. In this review, we summarize the functional, phenotypic, and immunometabolic characteristics of Treg and outline recent advancements and current developments regarding Treg in the field of VCA and solid organ transplantation.
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- $a Knoedler, Samuel $u Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA $u Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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