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Genetic counselling legislation and practice in cancer in EU Member States

JM. McCrary, E. Van Valckenborgh, HA. Poirel, R. de Putter, J. van Rooij, D. Horgan, ML. Dierks, O. Antonova, J. Brunet, A. Chirita-Emandi, C. Colas, M. Dalmas, H. Ehrencrona, C. Grima, R. Janavičius, B. Klink, K. Koczok, M. Krajc, B. Lace, L....

. 2024 ; 34 (4) : 666-675. [pub] 20240801

Language English Country England, Great Britain

Document type Journal Article

Grant support
CAN.HEAL Consortium
101080009 European Union
P-MIP-22-187 Research Council of Lithuania Project
P-MIP-22-187 Research Council of Lithuania
AstraZeneca

BACKGROUND: Somatic and germline genetic alterations are significant drivers of cancer. Increasing integration of new technologies which profile these alterations requires timely, equitable and high-quality genetic counselling to facilitate accurate diagnoses and informed decision-making by patients and their families in preventive and clinical settings. This article aims to provide an overview of genetic counselling legislation and practice across European Union (EU) Member States to serve as a foundation for future European recommendations and action. METHODS: National legislative databases of all 27 Member States were searched using terms relevant to genetic counselling, translated as appropriate. Interviews with relevant experts from each Member State were conducted to validate legislative search results and provide detailed insights into genetic counselling practice in each country. RESULTS: Genetic counselling is included in national legislative documents of 22 of 27 Member States, with substantial variation in legal mechanisms and prescribed details (i.e. the 'who, what, when and where' of counselling). Practice is similarly varied. Workforce capacity (25 of 27 Member States) and genetic literacy (all Member States) were common reported barriers. Recognition and/or better integration of genetic counsellors and updated legislation and were most commonly noted as the 'most important change' which would improve practice. CONCLUSIONS: This review highlights substantial variability in genetic counselling across EU Member States, as well as common barriers notwithstanding this variation. Future recommendations and action should focus on addressing literacy and capacity challenges through legislative, regulatory and/or strategic approaches at EU, national, regional and/or local levels.

Cancer Centre Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Sciensano Brussels Belgium

Center for Medical Genetics Ghent University Hospital Ghent Belgium

CGPP Centre for Predictive and Preventive Genetics Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology University of Porto Porto Portugal

Clinical Genetics Centre for Ophthalmology The Mater Misericordiae University Hospital Dublin Ireland

Clinical Genetics Department The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics Nicosia Cyprus

Département de Génétique Institut Curie Paris France

Department of Clinical Genetics Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands

Department of Clinical Genetics HUS Diagnostic Center University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland

Department of Clinical Genetics Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics Office for Medical Services Region Skane Lund Sweden

Department of Clinical Genetics University Hospital of Copenhagen Rigshospitalet Copenhagen Denmark

Department of Clinical Medicine Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark

Department of Human Genetics Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany

Department of Human Genetics Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen The Netherlands

Department of Internal Medicine Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands

Department of Laboratory Medicine University of Debrecen Medical and Health Science Center Debrecen Hungary

Department of Medical Genetics Medical University of Sofia Sofia Bulgaria

Department of Medical Genetics Medical University of Warsaw Warsaw Poland

Department of Medical Genetics Unilabs Spišská Nová Ves Slovakia

Department of Microscopic Morphology Genetics Discipline Center of Genomic Medicine University of Medicine and Pharmacy Victor Babes Timisoara Romania

Department of Paediatrics University Hospital Center Zagreb and University of Zagreb School of Medicine Zagreb Croatia

Department of Tumor Biology and Genetics Medical University of Warsaw Warsaw Poland

Division of Clinical Genetics Department of Laboratory Medicine Lund University Lund Sweden

Eberly College of Science The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA

European Alliance for Personalised Medicine Brussels Belgium

Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek Osijek Croatia

Faculty of Medicine Department of Human and Medical Genetics Institute of Biomedical Sciences Vilnius University Vilnius Lithuania

Faculty of Medicine Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek Osijek Croatia

Genetics and Personalized Medicine Clinic Tartu University Hospital Tartu Estonia

Hereditary Cancer Program Catalan Institute of Oncology IDIBGI Girona Spain

ICBAS School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Porto Porto Portugal

INSERM U830 Université Paris Cité Paris France

Institute for Epidemiology Social Medicine and Health System Research Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany

Institute of Applied Biosciences Centre for Research and Technology Hellas Thessaloniki Greece

Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine University of Latvia Riga Latvia

Institute of Genomics Faculty of Science and Technology University of Tartu Tartu Estonia

Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion Prague Czech Republic

Institute of Oncology Ljubljana Ljubljana Slovenia

Institute of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine University of Debrecen Debrecen Hungary

Labdia Labordiagnostik Vienna Austria

Mater Dei Hospital Msida Malta

Medical School REGIOMED Coburg Germany

Medical School University of Rijeka Rijeka Croatia

Medical School University of Split Split Croatia

Ministry for Health Valleta Malta

National Center of Genetics Laboratoire National de Santé Dudelange Luxembourg

Regional Center of Medical Genetics Timis Clinical Emergency Hospital for Children Louis Turcanu part of ERN ITHACA Timisoara Romania

Riga East Clinical University Riga Latvia

Sezione di Medicina Genomica Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Rome Italy

St Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute Vienna Austria

St Catherine Specialty Hospital Zagreb Croatia

State Research Institute Center for Innovative Medicine Vilnius Lithuania

The Henry C Lee College of Criminal Justice and Forensic Sciences University of New Haven West Haven CT USA

UOC Genetica Medica Dipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio e Infettivologiche Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli IRCCS Rome Italy

References provided by Crossref.org

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