Enalapril and diltiazem co-administration and respiratory side effects of enalapril
Language English Country Czech Republic Media print-electronic
Document type Journal Article
PubMed
15641937
PII: 605
Knihovny.cz E-resources
- MeSH
- Calcium Channel Blockers administration & dosage MeSH
- Bronchoconstriction drug effects MeSH
- Diltiazem administration & dosage MeSH
- Enalapril administration & dosage adverse effects MeSH
- Drug Combinations MeSH
- Cough chemically induced diagnosis prevention & control MeSH
- Cats MeSH
- Guinea Pigs MeSH
- Severity of Illness Index MeSH
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular drug effects MeSH
- Vasodilator Agents administration & dosage MeSH
- Treatment Outcome MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Cats MeSH
- Guinea Pigs MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Names of Substances
- Calcium Channel Blockers MeSH
- Diltiazem MeSH
- Enalapril MeSH
- Drug Combinations MeSH
- Vasodilator Agents MeSH
A persistent, chronic dry cough is the most common adverse effect of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors therapy. The mechanism of this respiratory adverse effect is related to the inhibition of ACE and the accumulation of bradykinin, substance P, prostanoids and other inflammatory neuropeptides in the airways. The aim of this study was to follow the relationship between 15-day administration of enalapril and the defense reflexes (cough and bronchoconstriction) of the airways in experimental animals, as well as the possibility of their pharmacological restriction with simultaneous diltiazem administration. Cough reflex was investigated by the method of mechanical irritation of laryngopharyngeal and tracheobronchial area in non-anesthetized cats. The reactivity of tracheal smooth muscles of the airways to bronchoconstrictor mediators (histamine 10 nM - 1 mM, acetylcholine 10 nM - 1 mM and KCl 1 mM - 100 mM) was evaluated by an in vitro method in guinea pigs. Enalapril 5 mg/kg/day and diltiazem 30 mg/kg/day were administered perorally for 15 days. The results showed that long-lasting administration of enalapril resulted in a significant increase of measured cough parameters and increased reactivity of tracheal smooth muscle to histamine and KCl. Simultaneous administration of enalapril together with diltiazem significantly decreased the enalapril induced cough, and decreased enalapril induced hyperreactivity of tracheal smooth muscles to KCl. The results showed a partially protective effect of diltiazem and enalapril co-administration on the respiratory adverse effects induced by enalapril therapy.