Here we compare gene orders on the Silene latifolia sex chromosomes. On the basis of the deletion mapping results (11 markers and 23 independent Y chromosome deletion lines used), we conclude that a part of the Y chromosome (covering a region corresponding to at least 23.9 cM on the X chromosome) has been inverted. The gradient in silent-site divergence suggests that this inversion took place after the recombination arrest in this region. Because recombination arrest events followed by Y chromosome rearrangements also have been found in the human Y chromosome, this process seems to be a general evolutionary pathway.

Laboratory of Plant Developmental Genetics Institute of Biophysics Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic 612 65 Brno Czech Republic

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The Formation of Sex Chromosomes in Silene latifolia and S. dioica Was Accompanied by Multiple Chromosomal Rearrangements

DNA methylation and genetic degeneration of the Y chromosome in the dioecious plant Silene latifolia

Structure and evolution of Apetala3, a sex-linked gene in Silene latifolia

Early events in the evolution of the Silene latifolia Y chromosome: male specialization and recombination arrest

An accumulation of tandem DNA repeats on the Y chromosome in Silene latifolia during early stages of sex chromosome evolution

MK17, a specific marker closely linked to the gynoecium suppression region on the Y chromosome in Silene latifolia