The Bohemian Forest was exposed to high levels of sulfur and nitrogen deposition during the last century. The change in acid deposition caused a rapid decline in pH and increase in Al concentrations of soil solutions since the 1950s. A possible negative effect of soil chemistry on growth of Norway spruce tree has been studied using the 13C isotopic signal and chemistry of the tree rings. Tree rings were sectioned by decades, and whole wood was analyzed for isotopic composition (delta 13C) and content of Mg, Ca, and Al. Only those rings that formed after the juvenile effect in early rings were used and trends from the beginning of 20th century were evaluated. The mean delta 13C of the spruce tree rings was 17.6%. The delta 13C did not follow climate changes but had an opposite trend to that of acid depositions and Al concentrations in soil solution, but a similar trend as soil acidification (pH decrease), implying a negative effect of acid deposition and soil acidification on tree physiology. The molar ratio of base cations to Al decreased together with delta 13C.

Faculty of Science University of South Bohemia Branisovská 31 37005 Ceské Budĕjovice Czech Republic

References provided by Crossref.org

Response of leaf internal CO2 concentration and intrinsic water-use efficiency in Norway spruce to century-long gradual CO2 elevation

Growth and Assemblage Dynamics of Temperate Forest Tree Species Match Physiological Resilience to Changes in Atmospheric Chemistry

Complex Physiological Response of Norway Spruce to Atmospheric Pollution - Decreased Carbon Isotope Discrimination and Unchanged Tree Biomass Increment