OBJECTIVES: The assessment of the prevalence of antibodies to human papillomaviruses (HPV) in the healthy population is essential for effective planning of HPV vaccine implementation into the preventive programmes for HPV-associated diseases and for the prospective monitoring of the impact of HPV vaccines in the Czech population. METHODS: The seropositivity for HPV-6, 11, 16, 18, 31 and 33 virus-like particles was determined in sera from 3150 healthy individuals (age range 6-76 years) by means of enzyme-linked immunoassay. RESULTS: The seroprevalences for HPV-6, 11, 16, 18, 31 and 33 were 23.8%, 15.2%, 14.5%, 9.9%, 16.4% and 9.6% in women and 18.4%, 13.7%, 6.5%, 5.4%, 6.1% and 4.3% in men. For both genders, except for HPV11, these rates were age dependent. The prevalence of antibodies to HPV-16 and/or 18 reached the maximum of 27.0% in women 30-39 years of age and of 14.4% in men 50-59 years of age. The highest proportion of individuals' seropositive for any of the vaccine types HPV-6/11/16/18 was in 30- to 39-year-old women (50.0%) and in ≥ 60-year-old men (37.6%). Antibodies specific for vaccine HPV types were detected in 18.0% of children 6- to 14-year-old but in 26.4%, those older than 14 years. CONCLUSIONS: The data reveal age-specific differences in the HPV seropositivity rates between healthy women and men and support the implementation of HPV vaccination in the Czech Republic before the age of 13.

Department of Experimental Virology Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion Praha 2 Czech Republic

Zobrazit více v PubMed

Arbyn M, Castellsague X, de Sanjose S, et al. Worldwide burden of cervical cancer in 2008. Ann Oncol 2011;22:2675–86 PubMed

Bouvard V, Baan R, Straif K, et al. ; WHO International Agency for Research on Cancer Monograph Working Group A review of human carcinogens–Part B: biological agents. Lancet Oncol 2009;10:321–2 PubMed

de Sanjose S, Quint WG, Alemany L, et al. ; Retrospective International Survey and HPV Time Trends Study Group Human papillomavirus genotype attribution in invasive cervical cancer: a retrospective cross-sectional worldwide study. Lancet Oncol 2010;11:1048–56 PubMed

Giuliano AR, Tortolero-Luna G, Ferrer E, et al. Epidemiology of human papillomavirus infection in men, cancers other than cervical and benign conditions. Vaccine 2008;26(Suppl 10):K17–28 PubMed PMC

Lacey CJ, Lowndes CM, Shah KV. Chapter 4: Burden and management of non-cancerous HPV-related conditions: HPV-6/11 disease. Vaccine 2006;24(Suppl 3):S35–41 PubMed

Ho GY, Studentsov YY, Bierman R, et al. Natural history of human papillomavirus type 16 virus-like particle antibodies in young women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2004;13:110–16 PubMed

Safaeian M, Porras C, Schiffman M, et al. ; Costa Rican Vaccine Trial Group Epidemiological study of anti-HPV16/18 seropositivity and subsequent risk of HPV16 and -18 infections. J Natl Cancer Inst 2010;102:1653–62 PubMed PMC

Harper DM. Currently approved prophylactic HPV vaccines. Expert Rev Vaccines 2009;8:1663–79 PubMed

Kriz B. Multipurpose serological survey–its philosophy and objectives in the Czech Republic. Cent Eur J Public Health 2003;11:S4–6 PubMed

Smith EM, Ritchie JM, Pawlita M, et al. Human papillomavirus seropositivity and risks of head and neck cancer. Int J Cancer 2007;120:825–32 PubMed

Hrbacek J, Urban M, Hamsikova E, et al. Serum antibodies against genitourinary infectious agents in prostate cancer and benign prostate hyperplasia patients: a case-control study. BMC Cancer 2011;11:53. PubMed PMC

Standardization methods. In: Gail MH, Benichou J, eds. Encyclopedia of Epidemiologic Methods. 1st edn Chichester: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2000:871–83

Gorander S, Lagergard T, Romanik M, et al. Seroprevalences of herpes simplex virus type 2, five oncogenic human papillomaviruses, and Chlamydia trachomatis in Katowice, Poland. Clin Vaccine Immunol 2008;15:675–80 PubMed PMC

Hamsikova E, Ludvíková V, Smahel M, et al. Prevalence of antibodies to human papillomaviruses in the general population of the Czech Republic. Int J Cancer 1998;77:689–94 PubMed

Marais DJ, Rose RC, Lane C, et al. Seroresponses to human papillomavirus types 16, 18, 31, 33, and 45 virus-like particles in South African women with cervical cancer and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. J Med Virol 2000;60:403–10 PubMed

Dunne EF, Karem KL, Sternberg MR, et al. Seroprevalence of human papillomavirus type 16 in children. J Infect Dis 2005;191:1817–19 PubMed

Cason J, Mant CA. High-risk mucosal human papillomavirus infections during infancy & childhood. J Clin Virol 2005;32(Suppl 1):S52–8 PubMed

Syrjanen S. Current concepts on human papillomavirus infections in children. APMIS 2010;118:494–509 PubMed

Schiller JT, Lowy DR. Immunogenicity testing in human papillomavirus virus-like-particle vaccine trials. J Infect Dis 2009;200:166–71 PubMed PMC

Steele J, Collins S, Wen K, et al. Measurement of the humoral immune response following an incident human papillomavirus type 16 or 18 infection in young women by a pseudovirion-based neutralizing antibody assay. Clin Vaccine Immunol 2008;15:1387–90 PubMed PMC

Vaccarella S, Franceschi S, Clifford GM, et al. Seroprevalence of antibodies against human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18 in four continents: the International Agency for Research on cancer HPV prevalence surveys. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2010;19:2379–88 PubMed

Opalka D, Lachman CE, MacMullen SA, et al. Simultaneous quantitation of antibodies to neutralizing epitopes on virus-like particles for human papillomavirus types 6, 11, 16, and 18 by a multiplexed luminex assay. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 2003;10:108–15 PubMed PMC

Syrjanen S, Waterboer T, Sarkola M, et al. Dynamics of human papillomavirus serology in women followed up for 36 months after pregnancy. J Gen Virol 2009;90:1515–26 PubMed

Newall AT, Brotherton JM, Quinn HE, et al. Population seroprevalence of human papillomavirus types 6, 11, 16, and 18 in men, women, and children in Australia. Clin Infect Dis 2008;46:1647–55 PubMed

Markowitz LE, Sternberg M, Dunne EF, et al. Seroprevalence of human papillomavirus types 6, 11, 16, and 18 in the United States: National health and Nutrition Examination survey 2003-2004. J Infect Dis 2009;200:1059–67 PubMed

Michael KM, Waterboer T, Sehr P, et al. Seroprevalence of 34 human papillomavirus types in the German general population. PLoS Pathog 2008;4:e1000091. PubMed PMC

Giuliano AR, Lazcano-Ponce E, Villa LL, et al. The human papillomavirus infection in men study: human papillomavirus prevalence and type distribution among men residing in Brazil, Mexico, and the United States. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008;17:2036–43 PubMed PMC

Vardas E, Giuliano AR, Goldstone S, et al. External genital human papillomavirus prevalence and associated factors among heterosexual men on 5 continents. J Infect Dis 2011;203:58–65 PubMed PMC

Winer RL, Feng Q, Hughes JP, et al. Risk of female human papillomavirus acquisition associated with first male sex partner. J Infect Dis 2008;197:279–82 PubMed PMC

Munoz N, Mendez F, Posso H, et al. ; Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia HPV Study Group Incidence, duration, and determinants of cervical human papillomavirus infection in a cohort of Colombian women with normal cytological results. J Infect Dis 2004;190:2077–87 PubMed

Outcomes After Human Papillomavirus Vaccination in Patients With Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis: A Nonrandomized Clinical Trial