Multiple myeloma (MM) is a clonal plasma cell malignancy. Although MM is still not completely curable, it can be maintained at the level of a long-term chronic condition. Irrespective of the treatment strategy, relapse is still a major problem for most patients. Approximately 10% to 15% of all MM patients relapse early and have poor prognosis and outcome. Currently, there are many ways of identifying these high-risk patients using cytogenetics or molecular biology. Despite these various approaches to definition of high risk patients, a clear definition of high-risk MM has not been widely accepted. In this review, we discuss and compare various approaches, and their strengths and weaknesses in early identification of high-risk MM patients.

Babak Myeloma Group Department of Pathological Physiology Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic

Babak Myeloma Group Department of Pathological Physiology Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic; Department of Clinical Hematology University Hospital Brno Czech Republic

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