We describe an ultrasonic instrument for continuous real-time analysis of the fractional mixture of a binary gas system. The instrument is particularly well suited to measurement of leaks of a high molecular weight gas into a system that is nominally composed of a single gas. Sensitivity < 5 × 10(-5) is demonstrated to leaks of octaflouropropane (C3F8) coolant into nitrogen during a long duration (18 month) continuous study. The sensitivity of the described measurement system is shown to depend on the difference in molecular masses of the two gases in the mixture. The impact of temperature and pressure variances on the accuracy of the measurement is analysed. Practical considerations for the implementation and deployment of long term, in situ ultrasonic leak detection systems are also described. Although development of the described systems was motivated by the requirements of an evaporative fluorocarbon cooling system, the instrument is applicable to the detection of leaks of many other gases and to processes requiring continuous knowledge of particular binary gas mixture fractions.

Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille 163 Avenue de Luminy 13288 Marseille France

CERN 1211 Geneva 23 Switzerland

Czech Technical University Technická 4 16607 Praha Czech Republic

Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Oklahoma Norman OK 73019 USA

Department of Physics Indiana University Bloomington IN 47405 7015 USA

Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron Notkestraße 85 D 22607 Hamburg Germany

Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Orlova Roscha RU 188300 Russia

STFC Rutherford Appelton Laboratory Harwell Oxford Didcot OX11 OQX UK

SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy University of Glasgow G627QB UK

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