PURPOSE: One of the main challenges in quantitative dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI is estimation of the arterial input function (AIF). Usually, the signal from a single artery (ignoring contrast dispersion, partial volume effects and flow artifacts) or a population average of such signals (also ignoring variability between patients) is used. METHODS: Multi-channel blind deconvolution is an alternative approach avoiding most of these problems. The AIF is estimated directly from the measured tracer concentration curves in several tissues. This contribution extends the published methods of multi-channel blind deconvolution by applying a more realistic model of the impulse residue function, the distributed capillary adiabatic tissue homogeneity model (DCATH). In addition, an alternative AIF model is used and several AIF-scaling methods are tested. RESULTS: The proposed method is evaluated on synthetic data with respect to the number of tissue regions and to the signal-to-noise ratio. Evaluation on clinical data (renal cell carcinoma patients before and after the beginning of the treatment) gave consistent results. An initial evaluation on clinical data indicates more reliable and less noise sensitive perfusion parameter estimates. CONCLUSION: Blind multi-channel deconvolution using the DCATH model might be a method of choice for AIF estimation in a clinical setup.

Department of Biomedical Engineering Brno University of Technology Brno Czech Republic

Department of Biomedicine University of Bergen Bergen Norway

Institute of Information Technology and Automation of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Praha Czech Republic

Institute of Scientific Instruments of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Brno Czech Republic

Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute Brno Czech Republic

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