Targeting copper(II)-induced oxidative stress and the acetylcholinesterase system in Alzheimer's disease using multifunctional tacrine-coumarin hybrid molecules
Language English Country United States Media print-electronic
Document type Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PubMed
27230386
DOI
10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2016.05.001
PII: S0162-0134(16)30125-8
Knihovny.cz E-resources
- Keywords
- Alzheimer's disease, DNA damage, Free copper, Oxidative stress, Tacrine-coumarin hybrids,
- MeSH
- Acetylcholinesterase chemistry MeSH
- Alzheimer Disease drug therapy metabolism MeSH
- Amyloid beta-Peptides chemistry MeSH
- Butyrylcholinesterase chemistry MeSH
- Cholinesterase Inhibitors * chemical synthesis chemistry MeSH
- GPI-Linked Proteins chemistry MeSH
- Coumarins * chemical synthesis chemistry MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Copper chemistry MeSH
- Oxidative Stress * MeSH
- Peptide Fragments chemistry MeSH
- Tacrine * chemical synthesis chemistry MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Names of Substances
- Acetylcholinesterase MeSH
- ACHE protein, human MeSH Browser
- amyloid beta-protein (1-42) MeSH Browser
- Amyloid beta-Peptides MeSH
- Butyrylcholinesterase MeSH
- Cholinesterase Inhibitors * MeSH
- GPI-Linked Proteins MeSH
- Coumarins * MeSH
- Copper MeSH
- Peptide Fragments MeSH
- Tacrine * MeSH
Alzheimer's disease is a multifactorial disease that is characterized mainly by Amyloid-β (A-β) deposits, cholinergic deficit and extensive metal (copper, iron)-induced oxidative stress. In this work we present details of the synthesis, antioxidant and copper-chelating properties, DNA protection study, cholinergic activity and amyloid-antiaggregation properties of new multifunctional tacrine-7-hydroxycoumarin hybrids. The mode of interaction between copper(II) and hybrids and interestingly, the reduction of Cu(II) to Cu(I) species (for complexes Cu-5e-g) were confirmed by EPR measurements. EPR spin trapping on the model Fenton reaction, using 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO) as a spin trap, demonstrated a significantly suppressed formation of hydroxyl radicals for the Cu-5e complex in comparison with free copper(II). This suggests that compound 5e upon coordination to free copper ion prevents the Cu(II)-catalyzed decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, which in turn may alleviate oxidative stress-induced damage. Protective activity of hybrids 5c and 5e against DNA damage in a Fenton system (copper catalyzed) was found to be in excellent agreement with the EPR spin trapping study. Compound 5g was the most effective in the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (hAChE, IC50=38nM) and compound 5b was the most potent inhibitor of butyrylcholinesterase (hBuChE, IC50=63nM). Compound 5c was the strongest inhibitor of A-β1-40 aggregation, although a significant inhibition (>50%) was detected for compounds 5b, 5d, 5e and 5g. Collectively, these results suggest that the design and investigation of multifunctional agents containing along with the acetylcholinesterase inhibitory segment also an antioxidant moiety capable of alleviating metal (copper)-induced oxidative stress, may be of importance in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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