Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections are common and widespread; nevertheless, their outcome can be of unpredictable prognosis in neonates and in immunosuppressed patients. Anti-HSV therapy is effective, but the emergence of drug-resistant strains or the drug toxicity that hamper the treatment is of great concern. Vaccine has not yet shown relevant benefit; therefore, palliative prophylactic measures have been adopted to prevent diseases. This short review proposes to present concisely the history of HSV, its taxonomy, physical structure, and replication and to explore the pathogenesis of the infection, clinical manifestations, laboratory diagnosis, treatment, prophylaxis and epidemiology of the diseases.

Departamento de Microbiologia Laboratório de Virologia Centro de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Estadual de Londrina Campus Universitário Rod Celso Garcia Cid km 380 Bairro Jardim Portal de Versalhes Londrina Paraná CEP 86051 970 Brazil

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