Cell-based tolerogenic therapy is a promising approach for the treatment of autoimmune diseases and transplant rejection. Regulatory T cells and tolerogenic dendritic cells have been particularly explored in the treatment of various autoimmune disorders in experimental models of disease. Although some of these cells have already been tested in a limited number of clinical trials, there is still a need for preclinical research on tolerogenic cells in animal models of autoimmunity. This review will focus on the relevance of data obtained from studies in experimental animal models for the use of tolerogenic cell-based therapy in humans. Also, perspectives for further improvement of tolerogenic cell preparation towards enhanced suppressive activity and stability of the cells will be discussed.

Department for Immunology and Immunoparasitology Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy INEP University of Belgrade Belgrade Serbia

Department of Immunology and Gnotobiology Institute of Microbiology of the CAS v v i Prague Czech Republic

Department of Immunology Institute for Biological Research Sinisa Stankovis University of Belgrade Belgrade Serbia

Immunology Division Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital Department of Cellular Biology Physiology and Immunology Universitat Autònoma Barcelona Campus Can Ruti 08916 Barcelona Spain

Institute for Biological Research Sinisa Stankovic Department of Immunology Despota Stefana 142 11000 Belgrade Serbia

Institute of Cellular Medicine Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH United Kingdom

SOTIO a s Prague Czech Republic

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Optimal Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells in Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) Therapy: What Can We Learn From Non-obese Diabetic (NOD) Mouse Models?

Antigen Loading (e.g., Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase 65) of Tolerogenic DCs (tolDCs) Reduces Their Capacity to Prevent Diabetes in the Non-Obese Diabetes (NOD)-Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Model of Adoptive Cotransfer of Diabetes As Well As in NOD Mice