N6-adenosine methylation (m6 A) of mRNA is an essential process in most eukaryotes, but its role and the status of factors accompanying this modification are still poorly understood. Using combined methods of genetics, proteomics and RNA biochemistry, we identified a core set of mRNA m6 A writer proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana. The components required for m6 A in Arabidopsis included MTA, MTB, FIP37, VIRILIZER and the E3 ubiquitin ligase HAKAI. Downregulation of these proteins led to reduced relative m6 A levels and shared pleiotropic phenotypes, which included aberrant vascular formation in the root, indicating that correct m6 A methylation plays a role in developmental decisions during pattern formation. The conservation of these proteins amongst eukaryotes and the demonstration of a role in writing m6 A for the E3 ubiquitin ligase HAKAI is likely to be of considerable relevance beyond the plant sciences.

Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Ghent University 9052 Gent Belgium

Department of Plant Systems Biology VIB 9052 Gent Belgium

Functional Genomics and Proteomics of Plants Central European Institute of Technology and National Centre for Biomolecular Research Masaryk University 62500 Brno Czech Republic

Institute of Biotechnology University of Helsinki 00014 Helsinki Finland

Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement on Loess Plateau Ministry of Agriculture Taiyuan Shanxi 030031 China

Plant Sciences Division School of Biosciences University of Nottingham Sutton Bonington Campus Loughborough LE12 5RD UK

Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources University of Porto 4485 661 Vairão Portugal

Sainsbury Laboratory University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1LR UK

School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences University of Nottingham Sutton Bonington Loughborough LE12 5RD UK

The State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology The School of Life Sciences The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

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