Internal diversification of non-Sub-Saharan haplogroups in Sahelian populations and the spread of pastoralism beyond the Sahara
Jazyk angličtina Země Spojené státy americké Médium print-electronic
Typ dokumentu historické články, časopisecké články
PubMed
28736914
DOI
10.1002/ajpa.23285
Knihovny.cz E-zdroje
- Klíčová slova
- Fulani, Y chromosome, mtDNA, pastoralism, phylogeography,
- MeSH
- antropologie fyzická MeSH
- černoši genetika MeSH
- dějiny starověku MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- haplotypy genetika MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lidský chromozom Y genetika MeSH
- migrace lidstva dějiny MeSH
- mitochondriální DNA genetika MeSH
- populační genetika MeSH
- zemědělství dějiny MeSH
- Check Tag
- dějiny starověku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- historické články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- subsaharská Afrika MeSH
- Názvy látek
- mitochondriální DNA MeSH
BACKGROUND: Today, African pastoralists are found mainly in the Sahel/Savannah belt spanning 6,000 km from west to east, flanked by the Sahara to the north and tropical rainforests to the south. The most significant group among them are the Fulani who not only keep cattle breeds of possible West Eurasian ancestry, but form themselves a gene pool containing some paternally and maternally-transmitted West Eurasian haplogroups. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We generated complete sequences for 33 mitogenomes belonging to haplogroups H1 and U5 (23 and 10, respectively), and genotyped 16 STRs in 65 Y chromosomes belonging to haplogroup R1b-V88. RESULTS: We show that age estimates of the maternal lineage H1cb1, occurring almost exclusively in the Fulani, point to the time when the first cattle herders settled the Sahel/Savannah belt. Similar age estimates were obtained for paternal lineage R1b-V88, which occurs today in the Fulani but also in other, mostly pastoral populations. Maternal clade U5b1b1b, reported earlier in the Berbers, shows a shallower age, suggesting another possibly independent input into the Sahelian pastoralist gene pool. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the fact that animal domestication originated in the Near East ∼ 10 ka, and that it was from there that animals such as sheep, goats as well as cattle were introduced into Northeast Africa soon thereafter, contemporary cattle keepers in the Sahel/Savannah belt show uniparental genetic affinities that suggest the possibility of an ancient contact with an additional ancestral population of western Mediterranean ancestry.
Department of Biology University Tor Vergata Rome Italy
Department of Forensic Genetics Institute of Criminalistics Prague Czech Republic
Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto Porto Portugal
Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde Universidade do Porto Porto Portugal
Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto Porto Portugal
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