BACKGROUND: Schistosoma mansoni was introduced from Africa to the Americas during the transatlantic slave trade and remains a major public health problem in parts of South America and the Caribbean. This study presents a comprehensive comparative analysis of three S. mansoni strains with different geographical origins-from Liberia, Belo Horizonte and Puerto Rico. We demonstrated significant variation in virulence and host-parasite interactions. METHODS: We investigated the phenotypic characteristics of the parasite and its eggs, as well as the immunopathologic effects on laboratory mouse organ systems. RESULTS: Our results show significant differences in worm morphology, worm burden, egg size, and pathologic organ changes between these strains. The Puerto Rican strain showed the highest virulence, as evidenced by marked liver and spleen changes and advanced liver fibrosis indicated by increased collagen content. In contrast, the strains from Liberia and Belo Horizonte had a less pathogenic profile with less liver fibrosis. We found further variations in granuloma formation, cytokine expression and T-cell dynamics, indicating different immune responses. CONCLUSION: Our study emphasizes the importance of considering intra-specific variations of S. mansoni for the development of targeted therapies and public health strategies. The different virulence patterns, host immune responses and organ pathologies observed in these strains provide important insights for future research and could inform region-specific interventions for schistosomiasis control.

• MeSH
• cytokiny metabolismus   MeSH
• interakce hostitele a parazita MeSH
• játra * parazitologie   patologie   MeSH
• myši MeSH
• Schistosoma mansoni * patogenita   genetika   imunologie   MeSH
• schistosomiasis mansoni * parazitologie   imunologie   patologie   MeSH
• slezina parazitologie   patologie   imunologie   MeSH
• virulence MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• myši MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Libérie MeSH
• Portoriko MeSH

• MeSH
• incidence MeSH
• lacerace etiologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• perineum * zranění   chirurgie   MeSH
• pooperační komplikace * etiologie   epidemiologie   MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• retence moči * etiologie   epidemiologie   MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• dopisy MeSH
• komentáře MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Uganda MeSH

A collection of reports and case studies that focus on the allocation of scarce resources in health care and on crisis patient prioritisation during the COVID-19 pandemic, mostly in Europe. Focuses on the legal aspect. Intended for professional public.

• MeSH
• COVID-19 MeSH
• péče o pacienty v kritickém stavu zákonodárství a právo   MeSH
• právní odpovědnost MeSH
• přidělování zdravotní péče zákonodárství a právo   MeSH
• třídění pacientů zákonodárství a právo   MeSH
• zákonodárství lékařské MeSH
• Publikační typ
• kazuistiky MeSH
• sborníky MeSH
• zprávy MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Brazílie MeSH
• Evropa MeSH
• Jihoafrická republika MeSH
• Spojené státy americké MeSH

• Konspekt
• Právo
• NLK Obory
• právo, zákonodárství
• management, organizace a řízení zdravotnictví
• urgentní lékařství

In Uganda, hypertension is a rapidly increasing non-communicable disease with high morbidity and mortality, leading to complications such as renal failure, heart failure, stroke, and myocardial infarctions. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) among hypertensive patients at Jinja Regional Referral Hospital. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 323 participants using convenience sampling, the study utilized structured questionnaires and data was analyzed using STATA. Results indicated that factors independently associated with LVH included alcohol consumption (aOR 0.26, 95%CI 0.10-0.70, P=0.007), lack of physical exercise (aOR 0.47, 95%CI 0.23-0.94, P=0.033), Low medication adherence (aOR 0.31, 95%CI 0.13-0.71, P=0.006)., female participants who had waist-hip-ratio >0.80 (aOR 3.70, 95%CI 1.18-11.64, P=0.025), diastolic blood pressure of 100 - 109 mmHg (aOR 4.58, 95%CI 1.65-12.74, P=0.004) and diastolic blood pressure of ≤89 mmHg (aOR 3.03, 95%CI 1.03-8.89, P=0.044). The study highlights the need for better management of hypertension and lifestyle modifications to reduce LVH prevalence.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hypertenze * epidemiologie   MeSH
• hypertrofie levé komory srdeční * epidemiologie   MeSH
• konziliární vyšetření a konzultace MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• prevalence MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• srdeční arytmie * epidemiologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Uganda MeSH

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kombinovaná farmakoterapie metody   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• svalová spasticita etiologie   MeSH
• tetanový toxoid terapeutické užití   MeSH
• tetanus * prevence a kontrola   terapie   MeSH
• trismus etiologie   MeSH
• vakcinace metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• kazuistiky MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Arménie MeSH
• Česká republika MeSH
• Indonésie MeSH
• Kanada MeSH
• Kostarika MeSH
• Maroko MeSH
• Peru MeSH
• Turecko MeSH
• Uganda MeSH

• MeSH
• disparity zdravotního stavu MeSH
• dobrovolné programy MeSH
• epidemiologické studie MeSH
• fyzikální vyšetření MeSH
• klinické chemické testy MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• plošný screening * metody   MeSH
• zdravotní stav populace MeSH
• zdravotní stav * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Madagaskar MeSH

BACKGROUND: Feeding the world's future population while still facing a variety of socioeconomic and climate change scenarios with uncertain outcomes is a key global societal concern that should be addressed in a science-based manner. Ethiopia boasts a great diversity of wild edible plant species (WEPS), but millions of its citizens still suffer from chronic hunger every year. In this context, we here document the use and conservation of WEPS in the Awi Agäw community, Northwestern Ethiopia. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional study from October 2021 to June 2022. Ethnobotanical and conservation status data were collected via semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, field walks and market surveys. A total of 374 respondents from three districts (Guangua, Jawi and Ankasha) were purposely selected for the study. Descriptive statistics, including preference rankings, frequencies and direct matrix rankings, were employed for the data analysis. RESULTS: We identified a total of 39 WEPS plant taxa distributed among 26 families and 32 genera. The Moraceae and Rosaceae had the greatest numbers of plants, with five and three species, respectively. The WEPS are regularly consumed in the study area to alleviate hunger. However, threats such as habitat loss, agricultural expansion, deforestation for firewood and other reasons, and pesticide use threaten WEPS availability. CONCLUSION: Therefore, community-based conservation interventions need to be encouraged to safeguard WEPS and associated traditional knowledge. Furthermore, nutritional quality analysis is recommended for the selection of promising WEPS candidates.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• etnobotanika * MeSH
• jedlé rostliny * MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• zachování přírodních zdrojů * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Etiopie MeSH

OBJECTIVES: This study presents biological affinities between the last hunter-fisher-gatherers and first food-producing societies from the Nile Valley. We investigate odontometric and dental tissue proportion changes between these populations from the Middle Nile Valley and acknowledge the biological processes behind them. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Dental remains of 329 individuals from Nubia and Central Sudan that date from the Late Pleistocene to the mid-Holocene are studied. Using 3D imaging techniques, we investigated outer and inner metric aspects of upper central incisors, and first and second upper molars. RESULTS: Late Paleolithic and Mesolithic foragers display homogeneous crown dimensions, dental tissue proportions, and enamel thickness distribution. This contrasts with Neolithic trends for significant differences from earlier samples on inner and outer aspects. Finally, within the Neolithic sample differences are found between Nubian and Central Sudanese sites. DISCUSSION: Substantial dental variation appears to have occurred around 6000 bce in the Nile Valley, coinciding with the emergence of food-producing societies in the region. Archeological and biological records suggest little differences in dietary habits and dental health during this transition. Furthermore, the substantial variations identified here would have happened in an extremely short time, a few centuries at most. This does not support in situ diet-related adaptation. Rather, we suggest these data are consistent with some level of population discontinuity between the Mesolithic and Neolithic samples considered here. Complex settlement processes could also explain the differences between Nubia and Central Sudan, and with previous results based on nonmetric traits.

• MeSH
• dějiny starověku MeSH
• dieta dějiny   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• moláry anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• paleodontologie * MeSH
• řezáky anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• zuby anatomie a histologie   chemie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dějiny starověku MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• historické články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Súdán MeSH

Schistosomiasis is a snail-borne disease that has a considerable impact on human and animal health, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. The intermediate hosts of the schistosome parasites are freshwater snails of the genera Biomphalaria Preston, 1910 and Bulinus Müller, 1781. In order to identify existing gaps in the spread of the disease in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), this study compiled the available knowledge of the distribution, population dynamics and ecology of the intermediate hosts of schistosomiasis. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase and Scopus for all malacological studies on schistosoma intermediate hosts in DRC published between 1927 and October 2022. A total of 55 records were found, of which 31 met the inclusion criteria: these were published field and experimental studies conducted in the DRC and focused on snails as intermediate hosts of schistosomes. The analysis of these studies revealed that more up-to-date data on the distribution of snail intermediate hosts in the DRC are needed. Moreover, ecological factors have been less studied for Bulinus species than for Biomphalaria species. These factors play a crucial role in determining suitable snail habitats, and the lack of comprehensive information poses a challenge in snail control. This review makes it clear that there are no current malacological data in the DRC. There is a clear need for molecular and ecological research to update the exact species status and population dynamics of all potential intermediate host species. This will facilitate targeted snail control measures that complement drug treatment in the control of schistosomiasis in the country.

• MeSH
• Biomphalaria * parazitologie   MeSH
• Bulinus parazitologie   MeSH
• hlemýždi parazitologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Schistosoma fyziologie   MeSH
• schistosomóza * epidemiologie   veterinární   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• systematický přehled MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Konžská demokratická republika MeSH

In Uganda, hypertension is an escalating health issue, but there is limited specific data regarding the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) among hypertensive patients in eastern Uganda. This study aimed to establish the prevalence of LVH among hypertensive patients at Jinja Regional Referral Hospital. A cross-sectional study conducted at the hospital enrolled 323 participants using convenience sampling. The results revealed a prevalence rate of 19.50 % for LVH, primarily observed in male participants and younger age groups (25-35 years). Furthermore, the study found a low incidence of associated cardiac arrhythmia, with only 1.59 % of participants having atrial fibrillation. These findings indicate a relatively low burden of LVH and arrhythmia in this population, emphasizing the importance of continued efforts in hypertension management and LVH prevention. Further research and interventions are necessary to mitigate the impact of hypertension-related complications in the eastern region of Uganda.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hypertenze * epidemiologie   MeSH
• hypertrofie levé komory srdeční * epidemiologie   MeSH
• incidence MeSH
• konziliární vyšetření a konzultace statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• prevalence MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• srdeční arytmie * epidemiologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Uganda MeSH