We identify sufficient conditions on the structure of the interaction Hamiltonian between a two-level quantum system and a thermal bath that, without any external drive or coherent measurement, guarantee the generation of steady-state coherences (SSC). The SSC obtained this way, remarkably, turn out to be independent of the initial state of the system, which could therefore be taken as initially incoherent. We characterize in detail this phenomenon, first analytically in the weak coupling regime for two paradigmatic models, and then numerically in more complex systems without any assumption on the coupling strength. In all of these cases, we find that SSC become increasingly significant as the bath is cooled down. These results can be directly verified in many experimental platforms.

Department of Optics Palacký University 17 listopadu 1192 12 771 46 Olomouc Czech Republic

School of Physics Trinity College Dublin Dublin 2 Ireland

Phys Rev Lett. 2021 Sep 17;127(12):129901. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.129901. PubMed

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