Days ago, the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2018 was awarded jointly to James P. Allison and Tasuku Honjo "for their discovery of cancer therapy by inhibition of negative immune regulation". This news has increased the attention on immunotoxicity and immune evasion mechanisms, which are once again hot research topics. Actually, increasing lines of evidence show that trichothecene mycotoxins have a strong immunosuppressive effect. These mycotoxins suppress the host immunity and make them more sensitive to the infection of pathogens, including bacteria and viruses. However, the underlying mechanism(s) in this context is still poorly understood. Interestingly, recent work showed that an immune evasion mechanism might be involved in trichothecene immunotoxicity. In this work, we discuss the potential immune evasion mechanism in trichothecene immunotoxicity. More importantly, under these circumstances, we are pleased to compile a Special Issue entitled "Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Toxicology of Natural and Synthetic Toxins" for the International Journal of Molecular Sciences (IJMS). Researchers are encouraged to share their latest interesting findings with the readers of IJMS.

Center for Basic and Applied Research Faculty of Informatics and Management University of Hradec Kralove Rokitanskeho 62 500 03 Hradec Kralove Czech Republic

College of Life Science Yangtze University Jinzhou 434025 China

College of Veterinary Medicine Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 China

Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science University of Hradec Kralove 500 03 Hradec Kralove Czech Republic

Department of Experimental Toxicology and Pharmacology National Poison Control Center Military Medical Academy 11 Crnotravska St 11 000 Belgrade Republic of Serbia

Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Applied to the Chemical and Biological Defense Military Institute of Engineering Praça General Tiburcio 80 Rio de Janeiro 22290 270 RJ Brazil

Medical Faculty of the Military Medical Academy University of Defense in Belgrade 1 Pavla Jurišića Šturma St Belgrade 11000 Republic of Serbia

National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 China

Zobrazit více v PubMed

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Hypoxia and Cellular Senescence, Emerging Toxic Mechanisms of Mycotoxins and Toxins: A New Understanding of the Negative Immune Regulations

Hypoxia-inducible factors: master regulators of hypoxic tumor immune escape