We assessed the photosynthetic responses of eight wheat varieties in conditions of a simulated heat wave in a transparent plastic tunnel for one week. We found that high temperatures (up to 38 °C at midday and above 20 °C at night) had a negative effect on the photosynthetic functions of the plants and provided differentiation of genotypes through sensitivity to heat. Measurements of gas exchange showed that the simulated heat wave led to a 40% decrease in photosynthetic activity on average in comparison to the control, with an unequal recovery of individual genotypes after a release from stress. Our results indicate that the ability to recover after heat stress was associated with an efficient regulation of linear electron transport and the prevention of over-reduction in the acceptor side of photosystem I.

College of Life Science State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology Shandong Agricultural University Taian 271018 China

Department of Botany and Plant Physiology Faculty of Agrobiology Food and Natural Resources Czech University of Life Sciences 16500 Prague Czech Republic

Department of Plant Physiology Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources Slovak University of Agriculture Trieda A Hlinku 2 949 76 Nitra Slovakia

Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics Bulgarian Academy of Sciences 1113 Sofia Bulgaria

Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest Ministry of Agriculture Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130 China

National Agricultural and Food Centre Research Institute of Plant Production Bratislavska cesta 122 921 68 Piešt'any Slovakia

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