This manuscript is the second part of a two-part description of the current status of understanding of the network function of the brain in health and disease. We start with the concept that brain function can be understood only by understanding its networks, how and why information flows in the brain. The first manuscript dealt with methods for network analysis, and the current manuscript focuses on the use of these methods to understand a wide variety of neurological and psychiatric disorders. Disorders considered are neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, stroke, movement disorders, including essential tremor, Parkinson disease, dystonia and apraxia, epilepsy, psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, and phantom limb pain. This state-of-the-art review makes clear the value of networks and brain models for understanding symptoms and signs of disease and can serve as a foundation for further work.

Amsterdam UMC Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Department of Neurology Amsterdam Neuroscience De Boelelaan 1117 Amsterdam the Netherlands

Center for Brain and Cognition Computational Neuroscience Group Department of Information and Communication Technologies Universitat Pompeu Fabra Roc Boronat 138 Barcelona 08018 Spain; Institució Catalana de la Recerca i Estudis Avançats Passeig Lluís Companys 23 Barcelona 08010 Spain; Department of Neuropsychology Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences 04103 Leipzig Germany; School of Psychological Sciences Monash University Melbourne Clayton VIC 3800 Australia

Central European Institute of Technology CEITEC and Epilepsy Centre and Department of Neurology St Anne's University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic

Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany

Department of Neurology Cologne University Hospital Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine Cognitive Neurology Research Center Jülich Germany

Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation Brain Connectivity Laboratory IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana Rome Italy

Department of Psychiatry University of Oxford Oxford UK; Center for Music in the Brain Department of Clinical Medicine Aarhus University Denmark; Life and Health Sciences Research Institute School of Medicine University of Minho 4710 057 Braga Portugal; Institut d'études avancées de Paris France

Division of Parkinson's Disease Imaging Research National Clinical Research Center on Geriatric Disorders Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China

Experimental Electrophysiology and Neuroimaging Laboratory Martinistr 52 20246 Hamburg Germany

Human Motor Control Section NINDS NIH Bethesda MD USA

MOV'IT Section Sorbonnes Universités Paris France

Neurology Unit IRCCS Polyclinic A Gemelli Foundation Rome Italy

Radboud University Medical Centre Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging Nijmegen the Netherlands

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