Combining morphological and molecular data in an integrative approach, three new mayfly species of Epeorus (Caucasiron) are described. These include Epeorus (Caucasiron) alborzicus Hrivniak & Sroka, sp. nov. and Epeorus (Caucasiron) shargi Hrivniak & Sroka, sp. nov. from northern Iran, and Epeorus (Caucasiron) zagrosicus Hrivniak & Sroka, sp. nov. from central Iran. They are unambiguously delimited using both distance-based and likelihood-based approaches in the analyses of barcode COI sequences. Each new species is compared with other species of the subgenus and morphological diagnostic characters are provided. Based on extensive sampling of streams throughout the country, the distribution and habitat preferences of all Caucasiron species in Iran are assessed. Altogether, there are now six species recorded, among them also E. (C.) nigripilosus Sinitshenkova, 1976 is reported for the first time in Iran. Five species are distributed in the Alborz Mts. in northern Iran, one species was found in the Zagros Mts. in central Iran.

Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences Institute of Entomology Branišovská 31 37005 České Budějovice Czech Republic Institute of Entomology České Budějovice Czech Republic

Department of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Management Environmental Sciences Research Institute Shahid Beheshti University Daneshjou Boulevard 1983969411 Tehran Iran Shahid Beheshti University Tehran Iran

Department of Botany and Zoology Masaryk University Kotlářská 2 61137 Brno Czech Republic Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic

Department of Entomology State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart Rosenstein 1 70191 Stuttgart Germany State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart Stuttgart Germany

Department of Fishery Faculty of Natural Resources University of Guilan POB 1144 Sowmehsara Rasht Iran University of Guilan Sowmehsara Rasht Iran

Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiology University of Łódź Banacha 12 16 90237 Łódź Poland University of Łódź Łódź Poland

Faculty of Sciences University of South Bohemia Branišovská 31 37005 České Budějovice Czech Republic University of South Bohemia České Budějovice Czech Republic

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