As part of our detailed study of the Caucasian mayfly fauna, we describe Epeorus (Caucasiron) abditussp. nov., a new species of the genus EpeorusEaton, 1881,subgenusCaucasiron Kluge, 1997, based on larvae collected in Türkiye, Georgia, and Russia. We use several methodological approaches to delimit the new species by analysing COI sequence data and larval morphology. We provide a comparison with related taxa and diagnostic characters allowing determination of the larvae. We also update the identification key for the Caucasian species of E. (Caucasiron) with E. (C.) abditussp. nov. and two recently described species, E. (C.) hyrcanicus Hrivniak & Sroka, 2021 and E. (C.) tripertitus Hrivniak & Sroka, 2022.

Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences Institute of Entomology Branišovská 31 370 05 České Budějovice Czech Republic Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences Institute of Entomology České Budějovice Czech Republic

Department of Biology Faculty of Science Hacettepe University 06800 Beytepe Ankara Turkiye Hacettepe University Ankara Turkiye

Department of Botany and Zoology Faculty of Science Masaryk University Kotlářská 2 61137 Brno Czech Republic Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic

National Museum of Natural History National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Bohdan Khmelnytsky str 15 01030 Kyiv Ukraine National Museum of Natural History National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kyiv Ukraine

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Discovering diversity of Central Asian and Himalayan Epeorus (Caucasiron) mayflies (Ephemeroptera, Heptageniidae) using DNA barcoding and morphology