Dysregulation of endocannabinoid concentrations in human subcutaneous adipose tissue in obesity and modulation by omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids
Language English Country England, Great Britain Media print
Document type Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PubMed
33393630
DOI
10.1042/cs20201060
PII: 227465
Knihovny.cz E-resources
- Keywords
- LC n-3 PUFA, adipose tissue, endocannabinoids, lipids, obesity,
- MeSH
- Time Factors MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Double-Blind Method MeSH
- Endocannabinoids metabolism MeSH
- Drug Combinations MeSH
- Group II Phospholipases A2 metabolism MeSH
- Group IV Phospholipases A2 metabolism MeSH
- Eicosapentaenoic Acid administration & dosage MeSH
- Arachidonic Acids metabolism MeSH
- Docosahexaenoic Acids administration & dosage MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Obesity, Metabolically Benign diagnosis drug therapy metabolism MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Subcutaneous Fat drug effects metabolism MeSH
- Polyunsaturated Alkamides metabolism MeSH
- Dietary Supplements * MeSH
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1 metabolism MeSH
- Treatment Outcome MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Randomized Controlled Trial MeSH
- Geographicals
- England MeSH
- Names of Substances
- anandamide MeSH Browser
- CNR1 protein, human MeSH Browser
- Endocannabinoids MeSH
- Drug Combinations MeSH
- Group II Phospholipases A2 MeSH
- Group IV Phospholipases A2 MeSH
- Eicosapentaenoic Acid MeSH
- Arachidonic Acids MeSH
- Docosahexaenoic Acids MeSH
- N-docosahexaenoylethanolamide MeSH Browser
- PLA2G2D protein, human MeSH Browser
- PLA2G4A protein, human MeSH Browser
- Polyunsaturated Alkamides MeSH
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1 MeSH
Obesity is believed to be associated with a dysregulated endocannabinoid system which may reflect enhanced inflammation. However, reports of this in human white adipose tissue (WAT) are limited and inconclusive. Marine long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFAs) have anti-inflammatory actions and therefore may improve obesity-associated adipose tissue inflammation. Therefore, fatty acid (FA) concentrations, endocannabinoid concentrations, and gene expression were assessed in subcutaneous WAT (scWAT) biopsies from healthy normal weight individuals (BMI 18.5-25 kg/m2) and individuals living with metabolically healthy obesity (BMI 30-40 kg/m2) prior to and following a 12-week intervention with 3 g fish oil/day (1.1 g eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) + 0.8 g DHA) or 3 g corn oil/day (placebo). WAT from individuals living with metabolically healthy obesity had higher n-6 PUFAs and EPA, higher concentrations of two endocannabinoids (anandamide (AEA) and eicosapentaenoyl ethanolamide (EPEA)), higher expression of phospholipase A2 Group IID (PLA2G2D) and phospholipase A2 Group IVA (PLA2G4A), and lower expression of CNR1. In response to fish oil intervention, WAT EPA increased to a similar extent in both BMI groups, and WAT DHA increased by a greater extent in normal weight individuals. WAT EPEA and docosahexaenoyl ethanolamide (DHEA) increased in normal weight individuals only and WAT 2-arachidonyl glycerol (2-AG) decreased in individuals living with metabolically healthy obesity only. Altered WAT fatty acid, endocannabinoid, and gene expression profiles in metabolically healthy obesity at baseline may be linked. WAT incorporates n-3 PUFAs when their intake is increased which affects the endocannabinoid system; however, effects appear greater in normal weight individuals than in those living with metabolically healthy obesity.
Institute for Life Sciences University of Southampton Southampton United Kingdom
Institute of Physiology Czech Academy of Sciences Prague Czech Republic
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