Carbon nanomaterials are at the forefront of the newest technologies of the third millennium, and together with conductive polymers, represent a vast area of indispensable knowledge for developing the devices of tomorrow. This review focusses on the most recent advances in the field of conductive nanotechnology, which combines the properties of carbon nanomaterials with conjugated polymers. Hybrid materials resulting from the embedding of carbon nanotubes, carbon dots and graphene derivatives are taken into consideration and fully explored, with discussion of the most recent literature. An introduction into the three most widely used conductive polymers and a final section about the most recent biological results obtained using carbon nanotube hybrids will complete this overview of these innovative and beyond belief materials.

Department of Condensed Matter Physics Faculty of Science Masaryk University 61137 Brno Czech Republic

IMDEA Nanociencia Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco Faraday 9 28049 Madrid Spain

Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux INP CNRS F 33607 Pessac France

POLYMAT and Departamento de Química Aplicada University of the Basque Country UPV EHU 20018 Donostia San Sebastián Spain

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Thiophene-Based Trimers and Their Bioapplications: An Overview