PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Several instruments have been designed to evaluate health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with bladder cancer (BC). However, they vary in purpose, domains, and quality. To identify QoL instruments that have been validated for BC patients and to critically assess their domains and limitations. RECENT FINDINGS: Of the 11 instruments identified, seven have been externally validated. Of these, four can be used across all disease states; two are available for QoL assessment in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC); and the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) module is intended for use together with a generic cancer-specific tool. Of the three instruments available to assess QoL in patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), EORTC Quality of Life Questionnaire-Bladder Cancer Muscle Invasive30 (QLQ-BLM30) and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Bladder-Cystectomy (FACT-Bl-Cys) need to be used each with their respective generic core questionnaire, whereas Ileal Orthotopic Neobladder-Pro Questionnaire is intended only to evaluate patients who have received an orthotopic neobladder.The core domains assessed by these instruments include social functioning, mental health, physical function, urinary function and sexual function. SUMMARY: No optimal BC-specific QoL instruments exist. Multiple cancer- and BC-specific instruments are required to cover each of the relevant domains. Selected tools should be reviewed within the context of specific research objectives.

Department of Urology 2nd Faculty of Medicine Charles University Prague Czech Republic

Department of Urology Comprehensive Cancer Center Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria

Department of Urology Federal Armed Services Hospital Koblenz Koblenz Germany

Department of Urology The Jikei University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan

Department of Urology University of Jordan Amman Jordan

Department of Urology University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Texas USA

Department of Urology Uro Oncology Robot Assisted and Specialized Urologic Surgery University Hospital Cologne Cologne Germany

Department of Urology Weill Cornell Medical College New York New York USA

Karl Landsteiner Institute of Urology and Andrology Vienna Austria

Research Center for Evidence Based Medicine Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran

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