Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectroscopy detects functional groups such as vibrational bands like N-H, O-H, C-H, C = O (ester, amine, ketone, aldehyde), C = C, C = N (vibrational modes of a tetrapyrrole ring) and simply C = N. The FTIR of these bands is fundamental to the investigation of the effect of biochar (BC) treatment on structural changes in the chlorophyll molecules of both plants that were tested. For this, dried leaf of Spinacia oleracia (spinach) and Trigonella corniculata (fenugreek) were selected for FTIR spectral study of chlorophyll associated functional groups. The study's primary goal was to investigate the silent features of infrared (IR) spectra of dried leave samples. The data obtained from the current study also shows that leaf chlorophyll can mask or suppress other molecules' FITR bands, including proteins. In addition, the C = O bands with Mg and the C9 ketonic group of chlorophyll are observed as peaks at1600 (0%BC), 1650 (3%BC) and 1640, or near to1700 (5%BC) in spinach samples. In fenugreek, additional effects are observed in the FTIR spectra of chlorophyll at the major groups of C = C, C = O and C9 of the ketonic groups, and the vibrational bands are more evident at C-H and N-H of the tetrapyrrole ring. It is concluded that C-N bands are more visible in 5% BC treated spinach and fenugreek than in all other treatments. These types of spectra are useful in detecting changes or visibility of functional groups, which are very helpful in supporting biochemical data such as an increase in protein can be detected by more visibility of C-N bands in FTIR spectra.

Department of Agrochemistry Soil Science Microbiology and Plant Nutrition Faculty of Agrisciences Mendel University in Brno Brno Czech Republic

Department of Agronomy Faculty of Agriculture Kafrelsheikh University Kafr El Shaikh Egypt

Department of Agronomy The University of Haripur Haripur Pakistan

Department of Biology College of Science Taif University Taif Saudi Arabia

Department of Biology University of Waterloo Waterloo ON Canada

Department of Botany University of Central Punjab Punjab Pakistan

Department of Geology and Pedology Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology Mendel University in Brno Brno Czech Republic

Department of Soil Science Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan Pakistan

Faculty of Chemistry Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Environmental Protection Brno University of Technology Brno Czech Republic

Laboratory of Tropical and Mediterranean Symbioses CIRAD Mintpellier France

Pesticide Quality Control Laboratory Multan Punjab Pakistan

PLoS One. 2022 Aug 3;17(8):e0272183. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272183. PubMed

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