We aimed to evaluate the prevalence and incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety, and panic disorder (PD) among citizens in 11 countries during the Covid-19 pandemic. We explored risks and protective factors most associated with the development of these mental health disorders and their course at 68 days follow up. We acquired 9543 unique responses via an online survey that was disseminated in UK, Belgium, Netherlands, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Finland, India, Latvia, Poland, Romania, and Sweden. The prevalence and new incidence during the pandemic for at least one disorder was 48.6% and 17.6%, with the new incidence of PTSD, anxiety, depression, and panic disorder being 11.4%, 8.4%, 9.3%, and 3%, respectively. Higher resilience was associated with lower mental health burden for all disorders. Ten to thirteen associated factors explained 79% of the variance in PTSD, 80% in anxiety, 78% in depression, and 89% in PD. To reduce the mental health burden, governments should refrain from implementing many highly restrictive and lasting containment measures. Public health campaigns should focus their effort on alleviating stress and fear, promoting resilience, building public trust in government and medical care, and persuading the population of the measures' effectiveness. Psychosocial services and resources should be allocated to facilitate individual and community-level recovery from the pandemic.

Centre for Mental Health and Society Bangor University Bangor LL57 2DG UK

Clinical Department of Medicine GE Palade University of Medicine Pharmacy Science and Technology 540142 Târgu Mureș Romania

Department of Cognitive Science and Psychology New Bulgarian University 1618 Sofia Bulgaria

Department of Criminology University of Gävle 80176 Gävle Sweden

Department of Nursing Science University of Turku 20500 Turku Finland

Department of Psychiatry Government Medical College Mysore 570001 India

Department of Statistics and Econometrics University of National and World Economy 1700 Sofia Bulgaria

Faculty of Health Sciences Jagiellonian University Medical College Kraków 31 008 Kraków Poland

Faculty of Medicine University of Latvia LV 1004 Riga Latvia

Mysore Medical College and Research Institute Karnataka 570001 India

Paramedic Department Medical College Prague 121 08 Prague Czech Republic

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