OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of Ureaplasma spp. DNA and its load in the cervical fluid in women with preterm labor with intact membranes (PTL) complicated by intra-amniotic infection (the presence of both microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity and intra-amniotic inflammation) or sterile intra-amniotic inflammation (the presence of intra-amniotic inflammation alone). METHODS: Overall, 115 women with singleton pregnancies complicated by PTL between gestational ages of 22 + 0 and 34 + 6 weeks were included in this study. Paired amniotic and cervical fluid samples were collected at the time of admission via transabdominal amniocentesis using a Dacron polyester swab. Microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity was diagnosed based on a combination of culture and molecular biology methods. Intra-amniotic inflammation was determined based on the concentration of interleukin-6 in the amniotic fluid. Bacterial and Ureaplasma spp. DNA loads were assessed in the cervical fluid using PCR. RESULTS: Intra-amniotic infection and sterile inflammation were identified in 14% (16/115) and 25% (29/115) of the women, respectively. Ureaplasma spp. DNA in the cervical fluid was identified in 51% (59/115) of women. The presence of Ureaplasma spp. DNA in the cervical fluid was higher in women with intra-amniotic infection (75% (12/16)) and sterile intra-amniotic inflammation (76% (22/29)) than in women without intra-amniotic inflammation (36% (25/70); p = .0002). Concurrent presence of Ureaplasma spp. and Mycoplasma hominis DNA was higher in women with intra-amniotic infection (42% (5/12)) than women with sterile intra-amniotic inflammation (7% (2/29)) and women without intra-amniotic inflammation (7% (5/70); p = .001). There were no differences in the load of Ureaplasma spp. DNA in the cervical fluid among women with intra-amniotic infection, sterile intra-amniotic inflammation, and those without intra-amniotic inflammation (median values; infection: 1.2 × 104 copies DNA/mL; sterile: 5.0 × 105 copies DNA/mL; without: 8.4 × 104 copies DNA/mL; p = .18). CONCLUSIONS: In PTL , both forms of intra-amniotic inflammation were associated with a higher prevalence of Ureaplasma spp. DNA in the cervical fluid. The presence of intra-amniotic infection was related to a higher rate of concurrent Ureaplasma spp. and M. hominis DNA in the cervical fluid.

Biomedical Research Center University Hospital Hradec Kralove Hradec Kralove Czech Republic

Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics Domain of Health Data and Digitalization Institute of Public Health Oslo Norway

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove University Hospital Hradec Kralove Charles University Hradec Kralove Czech Republic

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Institute of Clinical Science Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Sahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg Sweden

Department of Social Medicine Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove Charles University Hradec Kralove Czech Republic

Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics University Hospital Hradec Kralove Charles University Hradec Kralove Czech Republic

Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove Institute of Clinical Microbiology University Hospital Hradec Kralove Charles University Hradec Kralove Czech Republic

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