As part of national biosecurity programs, cargo imports, passenger baggage, and international mail are inspected at ports of entry to verify compliance with phytosanitary regulations and to intercept potentially damaging nonnative species to prevent their introduction. Detection of organisms during inspections may also provide crucial information about the species composition and relative arrival rates in invasion pathways that can inform the implementation of other biosecurity practices such as quarantines and surveillance. In most regions, insects are the main taxonomic group encountered during inspections. We gathered insect interception data from nine world regions collected from 1995 to 2019 to compare the composition of species arriving at ports in these regions. Collectively, 8,716 insect species were intercepted in these regions over the last 25 yr, with the combined international data set comprising 1,899,573 interception events, of which 863,972 were identified to species level. Rarefaction analysis indicated that interceptions comprise only a small fraction of species present in invasion pathways. Despite differences in inspection methodologies, as well as differences in the composition of import source regions and imported commodities, we found strong positive correlations in species interception frequencies between regions, particularly within the Hemiptera and Thysanoptera. There were also significant differences in species frequencies among insects intercepted in different regions. Nevertheless, integrating interception data among multiple regions would be valuable for estimating invasion risks for insect species with high likelihoods of introduction as well as for identifying rare but potentially damaging species.

Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs York YO41 1LZ UK

Department of Ecology and Evolution University of Lausanne Lausanne 1015 Switzerland

Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences Prague Praha 6 Suchdol 165 00 Czech Republic

Forest Research Institute University of the Sunshine Coast Brisbane Queensland 4102 Australia

Laurentian Forestry Centre Canadian Forest Service Quebec Quebec G1V 4C7 Canada

National Socio Environmental Synthesis Center Annapolis Maryland 21401 USA

Research Center for Agricultural Information Technology NARO Tokyo 3058604 Japan

School of Forestry University of Canterbury Christchurch 8041 New Zealand

School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Canterbury Christchurch 8041 New Zealand

Scion P O Box 29237 Christchurch 8440 New Zealand

Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre Frankfurt 60325 Germany

Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL Birmensdorf 8903 Switzerland

Te Pūnaha Matatini a New Zealand Centre of Research Excellence Auckland 1142 New Zealand

U S Department of Agriculture Forest Service Northern Research Station Morgantown West Virginia 26505 USA

U S Department of Agriculture Raleigh North Carolina 27606 USA

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