Rapid developments in the field of plant genome editing using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) systems necessitate more detailed consideration of the delivery of the CRISPR system into plants. Successful and safe editing of plant genomes is partly based on efficient delivery of the CRISPR system. Along with the use of plasmids and viral vectors as cargo material for genome editing, non-viral vectors have also been considered for delivery purposes. These non-viral vectors can be made of a variety of materials, including inorganic nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, liposomes, and protein- and peptide-based nanoparticles, as well as nanoscale polymeric materials. They have a decreased immune response, an advantage over viral vectors, and offer additional flexibility in their design, allowing them to be functionalized and targeted to specific sites in a biological system with low cytotoxicity. This review is dedicated to describing the delivery methods of CRISPR system into plants with emphasis on the use of non-viral vectors.

Agricultural Research Center Plant Pathology Research Institute 9 Gamaa St Giza 12619 Egypt

Biology Department Science and Humanities College Shaqra University Alquwayiyah 19245 Saudi Arabia

Biotechnology English Program Faculty of Agriculture Cairo University Giza 12613 Egypt

Center for Advanced Studies in Agriculture and Food Security University of Agriculture Faisalabad 38040 Pakistan

Department of Biochemistry University of Agriculture Faisalabad 38040 Pakistan

Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science University of Hradec Kralove 50003 Hradec Kralove Czech Republic

Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics University of Haripur Haripur 22620 Pakistan

Institute of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology MNS University of Agriculture Multan 60000 Pakistan

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