Bee year: Basic physiological strategies to cope with seasonality
Language English Country United States Media print-electronic
Document type Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PubMed
34775045
DOI
10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.111115
PII: S1095-6433(21)00223-3
Knihovny.cz E-resources
- Keywords
- Adipokinetic hormone, Metabolism, Seasonal fluctuations, Venom, Vitellogenin,
- MeSH
- Biomarkers metabolism MeSH
- Central Nervous System metabolism MeSH
- Hemolymph metabolism MeSH
- Insect Hormones metabolism MeSH
- Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid analogs & derivatives metabolism MeSH
- Melitten metabolism MeSH
- Oligopeptides metabolism MeSH
- Seasons * MeSH
- Digestive System enzymology MeSH
- Bee Venoms metabolism MeSH
- Bees physiology MeSH
- Vitellogenins metabolism MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Names of Substances
- adipokinetic hormone MeSH Browser
- Biomarkers MeSH
- Insect Hormones MeSH
- Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid MeSH
- Melitten MeSH
- Oligopeptides MeSH
- Bee Venoms MeSH
- Vitellogenins MeSH
Worker honey bees are subject to biochemical and physiological changes throughout the year. This study aimed to provide the reasons behind these fluctuations. The markers analysed included lipid, carbohydrate, and protein levels in the haemolymph; the activity of digestive enzymes in the midgut; the levels of adipokinetic hormone (AKH) in the bee central nervous system; the levels of vitellogenins in the bee venom and haemolymph; and the levels of melittin in the venom. The levels of all the main nutrients in the haemolymph peaked mostly within the period of maximal bee activity, whereas the activity of digestive enzymes mostly showed a two-peak course. Furthermore, the levels of AKHs fluctuated throughout the year, with modest but significant variations. These data suggest that the role of AKHs in bee energy metabolism is somewhat limited, and that bees rely more on available food and less on body deposits. Interestingly, the non-metabolic characteristics also fluctuated over the year. The vitellogenin peak reached its maximum in the haemolymph in winter, which is probably associated with the immunoprotection of long-lived winter bees. The analysis of bee venom showed the maximal levels of vitellogenin in autumn; however, it is not entirely clear why this is the case. Finally, melittin levels showed strong fluctuations, suggesting that seasonal control was unlikely.
Institute of Entomology Biology Centre CAS Branišovská 31 370 05 České Budějovice Czech Republic
Institute of Soil Biology Biology Centre CAS Na Sádkách 7 370 05 České Budějovice Czech Republic
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