City planning policies to support health and sustainability: an international comparison of policy indicators for 25 cities

. 2022 Jun ; 10 (6) : e882-e894.

Jazyk angličtina Země Anglie, Velká Británie Médium print

Typ dokumentu časopisecké články, přehledy

Perzistentní odkaz   https://www.medvik.cz/link/pmid35561723
Odkazy

PubMed 35561723
PubMed Central PMC9906636
DOI 10.1016/s2214-109x(22)00069-9
PII: S2214-109X(22)00069-9
Knihovny.cz E-zdroje

City planning policies influence urban lifestyles, health, and sustainability. We assessed policy frameworks for city planning for 25 cities across 19 lower-middle-income countries, upper-middle-income countries, and high-income countries to identify whether these policies supported the creation of healthy and sustainable cities. We systematically collected policy data for evidence-informed indicators related to integrated city planning, air pollution, destination accessibility, distribution of employment, demand management, design, density, distance to public transport, and transport infrastructure investment. Content analysis identified strengths, limitations, and gaps in policies, allowing us to draw comparisons between cities. We found that despite common policy rhetoric endorsing healthy and sustainable cities, there was a paucity of measurable policy targets in place to achieve these aspirations. Some policies were inconsistent with public health evidence, which sets up barriers to achieving healthy and sustainable urban environments. There is an urgent need to build capacity for health-enhancing city planning policy and governance, particularly in low-income and middle-income countries.

AFIPS Research Group Department of Musical Visual and Corporal Expression Teaching University of Valencia Valencia Spain

Australian Centre for Public and Population Health Research School of Public Health Faculty of Health University of Technology Sydney Sydney NSW Australia; Prevention Research Collaboration School of Public Health Faculty of Medicine and Health University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia

Centre for Public Health Queen's University Belfast Belfast UK

City Planning and Design School of Natural and Built Environment Queen's University Belfast Belfast UK

College of Health Solutions Arizona State University Phoenix AZ USA; Department of Geography Ghent University Ghent Belgium

Department of Geography Ghent University Ghent Belgium; Department of Geography University of Tartu Tartu Estonia

Department of Geography The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Special Administrative Region China

Department of Landscape Architecture and Environmental Planning Natural Learning Initiative College of Design North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA

Department of Physiotherapy University of Maiduguri Maiduguri Nigeria

Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark

Department of Urban Planning and Design Urban Form Lab University of Washington Seattle WA USA

Department of Urban Planning and Spatial Analysis Sol Price School of Public Policy University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA

Faculty of Physical Culture Palacký University Olomouc Olomouc Czech Republic

Healthstrong Medibank Mildura VIC Australia

Healthy Liveable Cities Lab RMIT University Melbourne VIC Australia

Healthy Liveable Cities Lab RMIT University Melbourne VIC Australia; School of Population Health The University of Western Australia Perth WA Australia

Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science University of California San Diego CA USA

Human Potential Centre School of Sport and Recreation Auckland University of Technology Auckland New Zealand

Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research Australian Catholic University Melbourne VIC Australia; Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science University of California San Diego CA USA

Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research Australian Catholic University Melbourne VIC Australia; School of Public Health The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Special Administrative Region China

Melbourne Centre for Cities University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC Australia

Office of the Permanent Secretary for the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration Bangkok Thailand

Prevention Research Center Brown School Washington University in St Louis St Louis MO USA

Research Centre for Architecture Urbanism and Design Lisbon School of Architecture University of Lisbon Lisbon Portugal

School of Arts Sciences and Humanities University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil

School of Public Policy and Urban Affairs Northeastern University Boston MA USA

Sport and Physical Activity Research Group Centre for Health and Social Care Research University of Vic Central University of Catalonia Vic Spain

Transport Health and Urban Design Research Lab Melbourne School of Design University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC Australia

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