PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To critically analyze the oncological outcomes and safety profile of device-assisted intravesical chemotherapy studies reported in 2021. Studies were considered eligible if they included patients with nonmuscle invasive blood cancer (NMIBC), had a prospective or retrospective design, included at least 10 patients, were published in 2021, and assessed the oncological impact of device-assisted intravesical chemotherapy and/or reported standardized adverse effects (AEs). RECENT FINDINGS: Eight new studies reported oncological outcomes after hyperthermic intravesical chemotherapy (HIVEC). In Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) naive patients, the reported 2-yr. recurrence-free survival (RFS) ranged from 70.7% to 82.4%, with one study reporting 2 yr. progression free survival (PFS) of 92%. In both BCG naive and BCG refractory patients, the reported 1-yr. RFS ranged from 60.5% to 70% and PFS was 94% in one study. For radiofrequency-induced HIVEC, the reported 5-yr. estimates were 38%for RFS and 91.5%for PFS. Regarding AEs, 10.2% of patients had severe AEs. Six studies reported AEs after HIVEC; the majorities were grade 1-2 AEs. SUMMARY: Data coming from the studies published in the last years provides support for a consolidating role of device-assisted intravesical chemotherapy as a safe and effective alternative first- or second-line adjuvant treatment of patients with NMIBC.

Department of Urology 2nd Faculty of Medicine Charles University Prag Czech Republic

Department of Urology Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland

Department of Urology Comprehensive Cancer Center Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria

Department of Urology University of Texas Southwestern Dallas Texas USA

Departments of Urology Weill Cornell Medical College New York New York

Division of Urology Città Della Salute e Della Scienza di Torino Molinette Hospital University of Turin Torino Italy

Doctoral School George Emil Palade University of Medicine Pharmacy Science and Technology from TârguMureş Targu Mureş Romania

Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research Al Ahliyya Amman University Amman Jordan

Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health 1 M Sechenov 1st Moscow State Medical University Moscow Russia

Karl Landsteiner Institute of Urology and Andrology Vienna Austria

S H Ho Urology Centre Department of Surgery The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

Urology Department European Institute of Oncology Milan Italy

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