Phosphorus (P) deficiency is the main hurdle in achieving sustainable crop production ps especially in calcareous soils. Using bio-fertilizers like phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) could be a useful approach for sustainable P management as they improve P availability in soil via dissolution, desorption and mineralization reactions. In addition, application of organic amendments with PSB could further ameliorate soil conditions for sustainable management of immobilized nutrients in calcarious soils. Therefore, we performed pot experiment to study the role of PSB in nullifying antagonistic effects of liming (4.78, 10, 15 and 20%) on P availability from poultry manure (PM), farm yard manure (FYM), single super phosphate (SSP) and rock phosphate (RP) in alkaline soils. PSB inoculation improved wheat growth, P availability and stimulated soil acidification over control regardless of P sources and lime levels. Soil calcification adversely affected plant growth, P nutrition, induced soil salinity and alkalinity, however, PSB and manures application potentially nullified such harmful effects over mentioned traits. Individually, organic sources were superior than mineral sources however, the performance of mineral fertilizers with PSB was at par to sole application of manures. Furthermore, application of RP with PSB proved as effective as sole SSP. Therefore, using PSB as bio-fertilizer has huge potential for improving P availability in calcareous soils.

College of Life Science Linyi University Linyi 276000 Shandong China

College of Plant Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 China

Department of Agriculture Bacha Khan University Charsadda Pakistan

Department of Agriculture The University of Swabi Swabi 23561 Pakistan

Department of Agronomy The University of Agriculture Peshawar Pakistan

Department of Agronomy The University of Haripur Haripur 22620 Pakistan

Department of Botany University of Chitral Chitral Pakistan

Department of Geology and Pedology Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology Mendel University in Brno 61300 Brno Czech Republic

Department of Plant Sciences Quaid 1 Azam University Islamabad 45320 Pakistan

Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences The University of Agriculture Peshawar Pakistan

Department of Soil Science Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 60800 Pakistan

Food Engineering Department Faculty of Food Science and Technology University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine Cluj Napoca 3 5 Calea Mănă ̧stur Street 400372 Cluj Napoca Romania

Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization Guangxi Institute of Botany Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences Guilin 541006 China

Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource College of Tropical Crops Hainan University Haikou 570228 Hainan China

Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry Agriculture College Yangtze University Jingzhou 434025 Hubei China

Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture University of Tasmania Burnie TAS 7250 Australia

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