Ublituximab versus Teriflunomide in Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis
Language English Country United States Media print
Document type Clinical Trial, Phase III, Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial
PubMed
36001711
DOI
10.1056/nejmoa2201904
Knihovny.cz E-resources
- MeSH
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal therapeutic use MeSH
- Double-Blind Method MeSH
- Gadolinium therapeutic use MeSH
- Hydroxybutyrates MeSH
- Immunosuppressive Agents therapeutic use MeSH
- Crotonates MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging MeSH
- Antibodies, Monoclonal * therapeutic use MeSH
- Nitriles MeSH
- Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting * complications diagnostic imaging drug therapy pathology MeSH
- Multiple Sclerosis complications diagnostic imaging drug therapy pathology MeSH
- Toluidines MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Clinical Trial, Phase III MeSH
- Randomized Controlled Trial MeSH
- Names of Substances
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal MeSH
- Gadolinium MeSH
- Hydroxybutyrates MeSH
- Immunosuppressive Agents MeSH
- Crotonates MeSH
- Antibodies, Monoclonal * MeSH
- Nitriles MeSH
- teriflunomide MeSH Browser
- Toluidines MeSH
- ublituximab MeSH Browser
BACKGROUND: The monoclonal antibody ublituximab enhances antibody-dependent cellular cytolysis and produces B-cell depletion. Ublituximab is being evaluated for the treatment of relapsing multiple sclerosis. METHODS: In two identical, phase 3, double-blind, double-dummy trials (ULTIMATE I and II), participants with relapsing multiple sclerosis were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive intravenous ublituximab (150 mg on day 1, followed by 450 mg on day 15 and at weeks 24, 48, and 72) and oral placebo or oral teriflunomide (14 mg once daily) and intravenous placebo. The primary end point was the annualized relapse rate. Secondary end points included the number of gadolinium-enhancing lesions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) by 96 weeks and worsening of disability. RESULTS: A total of 549 participants were enrolled in the ULTIMATE I trial, and 545 were enrolled in the ULTIMATE II trial; the median follow-up was 95 weeks. In the ULTIMATE I trial, the annualized relapse rate was 0.08 with ublituximab and 0.19 with teriflunomide (rate ratio, 0.41; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.27 to 0.62; P<0.001); in the ULTIMATE II trial, the annualized relapse rate was 0.09 and 0.18, respectively (rate ratio, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.33 to 0.78; P = 0.002). The mean number of gadolinium-enhancing lesions was 0.02 in the ublituximab group and 0.49 in the teriflunomide group (rate ratio, 0.03; 95% CI, 0.02 to 0.06; P<0.001) in the ULTIMATE I trial and 0.01 and 0.25, respectively (rate ratio, 0.04; 95% CI, 0.02 to 0.06; P<0.001), in the ULTIMATE II trial. In the pooled analysis of the two trials, 5.2% of the participants in the ublituximab group and 5.9% in the teriflunomide group had worsening of disability at 12 weeks (hazard ratio, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.50 to 1.41; P = 0.51). Infusion-related reactions occurred in 47.7% of the participants in the ublituximab group. Serious infections occurred in 5.0% in the ublituximab group and in 2.9% in the teriflunomide group. CONCLUSIONS: Among participants with relapsing multiple sclerosis, ublituximab resulted in lower annualized relapse rates and fewer brain lesions on MRI than teriflunomide over a period of 96 weeks but did not result in a significantly lower risk of worsening of disability. Ublituximab was associated with infusion-related reactions. (Funded by TG Therapeutics; ULTIMATE I and II ClinicalTrials.gov numbers, NCT03277261 and NCT03277248.).
References provided by Crossref.org
Multiple sclerosis: time for early treatment with high-efficacy drugs
B cell targeted therapies in inflammatory autoimmune disease of the central nervous system
ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03277261, NCT03277248