CRISPR-mediated iron and folate biofortification in crops: advances and perspectives
Language English Country England, Great Britain Media print-electronic
Document type Journal Article, Review
- Keywords
- Biofortification, CRISPR, enhancer re-shuffling, folic acid, iron,
- MeSH
- Biofortification * MeSH
- CRISPR-Cas Systems * MeSH
- Gene Editing methods MeSH
- Plants, Genetically Modified * metabolism genetics MeSH
- Folic Acid * metabolism MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Oryza metabolism genetics MeSH
- Iron * metabolism MeSH
- Crops, Agricultural * metabolism genetics MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Review MeSH
- Names of Substances
- Folic Acid * MeSH
- Iron * MeSH
Micronutrient deficiency conditions, such as anemia, are the most prevalent global health problem due to inadequate iron and folate in dietary sources. Biofortification advancements can propel the rapid amelioration of nutritionally beneficial components in crops that are required to combat the adverse effects of micronutrient deficiencies on human health. To date, several strategies have been proposed to increase micronutrients in plants to improve food quality, but very few approaches have intrigued `clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats' (CRISPR) modules for the enhancement of iron and folate concentration in the edible parts of plants. In this review, we discuss two important approaches to simultaneously enhance the bioavailability of iron and folate concentrations in rice endosperms by utilizing advanced CRISPR-Cas9-based technology. This includes the 'tuning of cis-elements' and 'enhancer re-shuffling' in the regulatory components of genes that play a vital role in iron and folate biosynthesis/transportation pathways. In particular, base-editing and enhancer re-installation in native promoters of selected genes can lead to enhanced accumulation of iron and folate levels in the rice endosperm. The re-distribution of micronutrients in specific plant organs can be made possible using the above-mentioned contemporary approaches. Overall, the present review discusses the possible approaches for synchronized iron and folate biofortification through modification in regulatory gene circuits employing CRISPR-Cas9 technology.
Department of Biotechnology Lovely Professional University Phagwara Punjab India
Division of Applied and Environmental Microbiology Enviro Technology Ltd Ankleshwar Gujarat India
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