Species-specific neural inflammation can be induced by profound immune signalling from periphery to brain. Recent advances in transcriptomics offer cost-effective approaches to study this regulation. In a population of captive zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata), we compare the differential gene expression patterns in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-triggered peripheral inflammation revealed by RNA-seq and QuantSeq. The RNA-seq approach identified more differentially expressed genes but failed to detect any inflammatory markers. In contrast, QuantSeq results identified specific expression changes in the genes regulating inflammation. Next, we adopted QuantSeq to relate peripheral and brain transcriptomes. We identified subtle changes in the brain gene expression during the peripheral inflammation (e.g. up-regulation in AVD-like and ACOD1 expression) and detected co-structure between the peripheral and brain inflammation. Our results suggest benefits of the 3'end transcriptomics for association studies between peripheral and neural inflammation in genetically heterogeneous models and identify potential targets for the future brain research in birds.

Charles University Faculty of Science Department of Zoology Viničná 7 128 43 Prague Czech Republic

Charles University Faculty of Science Department of Zoology Viničná 7 128 43 Prague Czech Republic; Granada University Science faculty Department of Parasitology CP 18071 Granada Granada Spain

EMBL Genomics Core Facility Meyerhofstraße 1 69117 Heidelberg Germany

Wageningen University and Research Department of Animal Sciences Animal Breeding and Genomics Droevendaalsesteeg 1 6708PB Wageningen the Netherlands

Wageningen University and Research Department of Animal Sciences Animal Breeding and Genomics Droevendaalsesteeg 1 6708PB Wageningen the Netherlands; Federal University of Viçosa Viçosa MG 36570 900 Brazil

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PRJNA751848