Differential gene expression
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... 1896 J -- VOLUME 123 | SUPPLEMENT 5 | OCTOBER 2013 | www.laryngoscope.com -- ORIGINAL REPORT -- DIFFERENTIAL ... ... GENE EXPRESSION IN CHOLESTEATOMA BY DNA CHIP -- ANALYSIS -- S1 INTRODUCTION -- S2 MATERIALS AND METHODS ... ... -- Tissue Samples and Study Design -- RNA Isolation -- 3D-Gene Human Oligo Chip 25k Assay -- Statistical ... ... Analysis and Gene Ontology Analysis -- Real Time qRT-PCR -- IHC -- S4 RESULTS -- . 3D-Gene DNA Chip ...
The laryngoscope, ISSN 0023-852X Volume 123, supplementum 5 , October 2013
21 stran : ilustrace, tabulky ; 28 cm
- MeSH
- celogenomová asociační studie MeSH
- cholesteatom středního ucha MeSH
- exprese genu MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- sekvenční analýza hybridizací s uspořádaným souborem oligonukleotidů MeSH
- Konspekt
- Patologie. Klinická medicína
- NLK Obory
- otorinolaryngologie
- genetika, lékařská genetika
- NLK Publikační typ
- studie
[1st ed.] 2 sv. : il.
- MeSH
- exprese genu MeSH
- příručky lékařské MeSH
- Publikační typ
- příručky MeSH
- Konspekt
- Obecná genetika. Obecná cytogenetika. Evoluce
- NLK Obory
- genetika, lékařská genetika
Background: Microarray technologies are used to measure the simultaneous expression of a certain set of thousands of genes based on ribonucleic acid (RNA) obtained from a biological sample. We are interested in several statistical analyses such as 1) finding differentially expressed genes between or among several experimental groups, 2) finding a small number of genes allowing for the correct classification of a sample in a certain group, and 3) finding relations among genes. Objectives: Gene expression data are high dimensional, and this fact complicates their analysis because we are able to perform only a few samples (e.g. the peripheral blood from a limited number of patients) for a certain set of thousands of genes. The main purpose of this paper is to present the shrinkage estimator and show its application in different statistical analyses. Methods: The shrinkage approach relates to the shift of a certain value of a classic estimator towards a certain value of a specified target estimator. More precisely, the shrinkage estimator is the weighted average of the classic estimator and the target estimator. Results: The benefit of the shrinkage estimator is that it improves the mean squared error (MSE) as compared to a classic estimator. The MSE combines the measure of an estimator’s bias away from its true unknown value and the measure of the estimator’s variability. The shrinkage estimator is a biased estimator but has a lower variability. Conclusions: The shrinkage estimator can be considered as a promising estimator for analyzing high dimensional gene expression data.
- MeSH
- exprese genu * genetika MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikročipová analýza * metody statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- RNA * genetika MeSH
- statistické modely MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
OBJECTIVES: Umbilical cord blood (UCB) has become a useful alternative source of hematopoietic stem cells for clinical and research applications. UCB represents neonatal blood and differs from adult blood in many aspects, displaying different cell composition and various features of cellular immaturity. To understand molecular basis of phenotypic differences between neonatal and adult blood, we studied variations in transcriptome of UCB and maternal peripheral blood (PB). METHODS: Using Illumina microarrays, we determined gene expression profiles of UCB and PB samples obtained from 30 mothers giving birth to living baby. RESULTS: Out of 20,589 tested genes, 424 genes were down-regulated and 417 genes were up-regulated in UCB compared with PB. Reduced expression of many immunity-related pathways (e.g. TLR pathway, Jak-STAT pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction) in neonatal blood cells may contribute to the poor response to antigens, increasing susceptibility to infections at the time of disappearance of protective maternal antibodies. On the other hand, overexpression of erythropoiesis-related genes (glycophorins, fetal hemoglobins, enzymes catalysing heme synthesis and erythrocyte differentiation) in UCB probably enforces red cell production in newborns. CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrates that neonatal and maternal bloods show specific gene expression profiles, likely reflecting differences in phenotypes of immunologically immature and fully evolved hematopoietic cells.
- MeSH
- fenotyp MeSH
- fetální krev cytologie MeSH
- imunitní systém MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- matky MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- pupečník patologie MeSH
- regulace genové exprese MeSH
- sekvenční analýza hybridizací s uspořádaným souborem oligonukleotidů MeSH
- shluková analýza MeSH
- stanovení celkové genové exprese metody MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- výsledek těhotenství MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
This study aimed to provide a molecular signature for enriched adult human stem/progenitor spermatogonia during short-term (<2 weeks) and long-term culture (up to more than 14 months) in comparison to human testicular fibroblasts and human embryonic stem cells. Human spermatogonia were isolated by CD49f magnetic activated cell sorting and collagen(-)/laminin(+) matrix binding from primary testis cultures obtained from ten adult men. For transcriptomic analysis, single spermatogonia-like cells were collected based on their morphology and dimensions using a micromanipulation system from the enriched germ cell cultures. Immunocytochemical, RT-PCR and microarray analyses revealed that the analyzed populations of cells were distinct at the molecular level. The germ- and pluripotency-associated genes and genes of differentiation/spermatogenesis pathway were highly expressed in enriched short-term cultured spermatogonia. After long-term culture, a proportion of cells retained and aggravated the "spermatogonial" gene expression profile with the expression of germ and pluripotency-associated genes, while in the majority of long-term cultured cells this molecular profile, typical for the differentiation pathway, was reduced and more genes related to the extracellular matrix production and attachment were expressed. The approach we provide here to study the molecular status of in vitro cultured spermatogonia may be important to optimize the culture conditions and to evaluate the germ cell plasticity in the future.
- MeSH
- buněčná diferenciace genetika MeSH
- buněčné kultury metody MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- embryonální kmenové buňky fyziologie MeSH
- fibroblasty fyziologie MeSH
- kultivované buňky MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- separace buněk metody MeSH
- spermatogeneze genetika MeSH
- spermatogonie fyziologie MeSH
- stanovení celkové genové exprese metody MeSH
- testis fyziologie MeSH
- transkriptom genetika MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- MeSH
- časná diagnóza MeSH
- diagnostické techniky molekulární MeSH
- exprese genu MeSH
- genom lidský MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- messenger RNA analýza MeSH
- mikro RNA analýza MeSH
- polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
- sekvenční analýza hybridizací s uspořádaným souborem oligonukleotidů MeSH
- stanovení celkové genové exprese MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- recenze MeSH
Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a hematopoietic stem cell disorder characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis and dysplasia in one or more blood cell lines. Because it often progress to poor outcome stages or acute leukemia we searched for candidate genes associated with disease progression. Using microarrays we performed gene expression profiling in CD34+ cells of 4 early and 4 advanced MDS patients and identified 286 significantly differentially expressed genes between these two categories. Out of these, 136 genes were up-regulated and 150 down-regulated in early MDS compared to advanced MDS. Using clustering analysis those two patient categories were clearly differentiated. Further, we selected three genes (ADAM8, BIRC5, MPL) for gene expression validation by qRT-PCR in an additional set of 29 MDS and sAML patients. We confirmed decreasing trend for BIRC5 expression from early to advanced stages of MDS, with the lowest levels in sAML patients. On the contrary, higher ADAM8 and MPL expression was observed in most advanced MDS patients compared to the early MDS patients. Association between gene expression levels and bone marrow blast proportion was tested, but only BIRC5 expression showed negative correlation (r=-0.83 at p<0.001). This study demonstrates stage-specific expression of some genes that may have potential prognostic significance.
- MeSH
- antigeny CD34 genetika metabolismus MeSH
- buňky kostní dřeně metabolismus MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- messenger RNA genetika metabolismus MeSH
- myelodysplastické syndromy genetika metabolismus MeSH
- nádorové biomarkery genetika metabolismus MeSH
- polymerázová řetězová reakce s reverzní transkripcí MeSH
- prognóza MeSH
- sekvenční analýza hybridizací s uspořádaným souborem oligonukleotidů MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- staging nádorů MeSH
- stanovení celkové genové exprese MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
Moderní přístupy k onkologické diagnostice a léčbě jsou dnes již neodmyslitelně spjaty s využíváním nejnovějších poznatků biomedicínských věd. Jedním z hlavních trendů molekulární medicíny je rozvoj metodik umožňujících paralelní sledování exprese velkého počtu genů nebo proteinů – tzv. funkční genomika a proteomika. Tyto techniky umožňují identifikovat diferenciální genovou expresi, tj. nalézt rozdíly mezi expresí genů u dvou či více vzorků buněk nebo tkání různých typů (např. normálních a nádorových buněk) nebo kultivovaných za různých podmínek. Tak přispívají k objasnění mechanizmů maligního zvratu, mohou sloužit jako východisko pro rozvoj cílené protinádorové genové terapie, sledování odpovědi pacienta na léčbu a predikci dalšího vývoje onemocnění. Genomické metody se v posledních letech rychle rozvíjely – od diferenciální a subtraktivní hybridizace a diferenciálního displaye až po sériovou analýzu genové exprese a DNA čipy (microarrays). Uplatňují se také tkáňové a proteinové čipy a další proteomické přístupy. V současné době jsou stále více využívány DNA čipy umožňující detekci exprese celého lidského genomu, které nabízejí značné možnosti pro onkologický výzkum i klinickou praxi. U mnoha typů nádorů byly pomocí čipů nalezeny nové markery nádorového růstu a progrese onemocnění, z nichž některé jsou již úspěšně využívány v klinické praxi pro optimalizaci léčby omezující zátěž pacienta (např. u nádorů prsu).
Contemporary approaches to diagnostics and therapy in oncology are nowadays tightly coupled to novel findings of biomedical science. One of the main trends in molecular medicine is the development of methodologies enabling parallel monitoring of expression of large quantities of genes or proteins - so called functional genomics and proteomics. These techniques allow determination of differential gene expression, i.e. evaluation of differences in gene expression between two or more cell or tissue samples of different types (e.g. normal or cancer cells) or coming from different culture conditions. These approaches help in elucidating causes of malignant transformation and can serve as a base for development of targeted anticancer gene therapy, monitoring of patient response to treatment and prediction of further disease development. Genomic approaches have undergone rapid development in the last few years - from differential and subtractive hybridisation through differential display all the way to serial analysis of gene expression and DNA microarrays. Besides that, tissue and protein arrays and other proteomic approaches have been also used. Currently DNA microarrays covering expression of the whole human genome, having significant potential in oncological research and clinical praxis, have been used more and more frequently. Many new tumor growth and progression markers were found using such approaches. Some of these markers have been already successfully used in clinical practice (e.g. in breast cancer) for therapy optimisation and minimisation of patient discomfort.
- MeSH
- čipová analýza proteinů metody přístrojové vybavení využití MeSH
- DNA analýza genetika MeSH
- exprese genu genetika MeSH
- finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
- hybridizace in situ fluorescenční metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory diagnóza genetika terapie MeSH
- přehledová literatura jako téma MeSH
- prognóza MeSH
- RNA analýza genetika MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
OBJECTIVES: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play key roles in a wide variety of normal and pathological cellular processes. A number of studies identified hematopoietic-specific miRNAs that are necessary for correct function of blood cells. Out of our microarray data, we chose 13 miRNAs that showed differential expression in peripheral blood cells (miR-15b, miR-16, miR-24, miR-30c, miR-106b, miR-142-3p, miR-142-5p, miR-150, miR-155, miR-181, miR-223, miR-342, and miR-451) and examined their expression in separated hematopoietic cell lineages. METHODS: Using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, we measured relative expression of the miRNAs in fractions of reticulocytes, platelets, granulocytes, monocytes, B- and T-lymphocytes as well as in several hematopoietic cell lines. RESULTS: We observed that miR-16 and miR-142-3p were highly expressed in all native cell lineages, miR-451 reached the maximal expression in reticulocytes, miR-223 in platelets, granulocytes and monocytes, and miR-150 in B- and T-lymphocytes. Hierarchical clustering analysis grouped the lineage samples according to their origin based on the expression of these miRNAs. To validate discrimination power of the miRNAs, we quantified expression of the 13 miRNAs in several immortalized cell lines. Although the cell lines showed miRNA expression patterns considerably different from those of native cell lineages, clustering analysis distinguished between myeloid, lymphoid and non-hematopoietic cells. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, the study reports the expression levels of 13 miRNAs in particular blood cell lineages as well as immortalized cell lines. We demonstrate that the expression profiles of these miRNAs may be used for discrimination of the hematopoietic cell lineages.
- MeSH
- buněčná diferenciace fyziologie MeSH
- buňky K562 MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- HeLa buňky MeSH
- leukocyty cytologie metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lymfoidní progenitorové buňky cytologie metabolismus MeSH
- mikro RNA biosyntéza MeSH
- prekurzorové buňky granulocytů cytologie metabolismus MeSH
- regulace genové exprese fyziologie MeSH
- retikulocyty cytologie metabolismus MeSH
- sekvenční analýza hybridizací s uspořádaným souborem oligonukleotidů metody MeSH
- stanovení celkové genové exprese metody MeSH
- trombocyty cytologie metabolismus MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH