Orthotrichumcamanchacanum is presented as a newly described species from Chile. The species is primarily distinguished by its emergent capsule with cryptoporous stomata, a double peristome, linear-lanceolate stem leaves with a long hyaline aristae in apex, conspicuously differentiated perichaetial leaves, and a densely hairy vaginula. The species was discovered in the mountain massif of the Andes in the Coquimbo region, notable for its unique climatic conditions. Molecular data and a brief discussion comparing the newly described species with the most closely related taxa are also provided.

Department of Biology and Ecology University of Ostrava Ostrava Czech Republic

Department of Botany and Nature Protection University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn Olsztyn Poland

Institute of Biology University of Opole Opole Poland

Museo de la Exploración Rudolph Amandus Philippi Isla Teja Campus de Los Museos Valdivia Chile

Universidad Austral de Chile Instituto de Conservación Biodiversidad y Territorio Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y Recursos Naturales Valdivia Chile

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