Intra-abdominal infections (IAIs) are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in hospital settings worldwide. The cornerstones of IAI management include rapid, accurate diagnostics; timely, adequate source control; appropriate, short-duration antimicrobial therapy administered according to the principles of pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics and antimicrobial stewardship; and hemodynamic and organ functional support with intravenous fluid and adjunctive vasopressor agents for critical illness (sepsis/organ dysfunction or septic shock after correction of hypovolemia). In patients with IAIs, a personalized approach is crucial to optimize outcomes and should be based on multiple aspects that require careful clinical assessment. The anatomic extent of infection, the presumed pathogens involved and risk factors for antimicrobial resistance, the origin and extent of the infection, the patient's clinical condition, and the host's immune status should be assessed continuously to optimize the management of patients with complicated IAIs.

1st Department of Internal Medicine Infectious Diseases Hygeia General Hospital Athens Greece

1st Department of Surgery Department of Abdominal Thoracic Surgery and Traumatology 1st Faculty of Medicine Charles University and General University Hospital Prague Czech Republic

Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit Bufalini Hospital AUSL della Romagna Cesena Italy

Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Department DMU PARABOL Bichat Hospital AP HP Université Paris Cité Paris France

Centro de Investigacion Biomedica En Red Entermedades Respiratorias Institute of Health Carlos 3 Madrid Spain

Comparative Effectiveness and Clinical Outcomes Research Center CECORC Riverside University Health System Moreno Valley CA USA

Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Unit AP HM Aix Marseille University North Hospital Marseille France

Department of General and Emergency Surgery Fondazione IRCCS San Matteo Pavia Italy

Department of General and Thoracic Surgery University Hospital of Giessen Giessen Germany

Department of Intensive Care Medicine Multidisciplinary Intensive Care Research Organisation St James's Hospital Dublin Ireland

Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Ghent University Ghent Belgium

Department of Internal Medicine University of South Carolina School of Medicine Columbia SC USA

Department of Medicine Division of Infectious Diseases Northeast Ohio Medical University Rootstown OH USA

Department of Medicine MetroHealth Medical Center Cleveland OH USA

Department of Surgery and Critical Care Medicine University of Calgary Foothills Medical Centre Calgary AB Canada

Department of Surgery Harborview Medical Centre University of Washington Seattle USA

Department of Surgery Loma Linda University School of Medicine Loma Linda CA USA

Department of Surgery Macerata Hospital Via Santa Lucia 2 Macerata 62100 Italy

Department of Surgery Medical City Plano Plano TX USA

Department of Surgery Rimini Infermi Hospital Rimini Italy

Department of Surgery School of Medicine University of Louisville Louisville KY USA

Department of Surgery University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA

Department of Surgery Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY USA

Department of Surgery Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M D School of Medicine Kalamazoo MI USA

Department of Surgical Science University of Cagliari Cagliari Italy

Department of Surgical Sciences Nelson R Mandela School of Clinical Medicine University of KwaZulu Natal and Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital Durban South Africa

Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX USA

Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery Department of Surgery Fundación Valle del Lili Cali Colombia

Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery Scripps Clinic Medical Group La Jolla CA USA

Emergency and General Surgery Department Bufalini Hospital Cesena Italy

Emergency Department Policlinico Umberto 1 Sapienza University Rome Italy

Emergency Surgery and Trauma Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli IRCCS Rome Italy

Emergency Surgery department Meilahti Tower Hospital HUS Helsinki University Hospital Haartmaninkatu 4 Helsinki Finland

Emergency Urgency and Trauma Surgery School of Medicine University of Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina

General Emergency and Trauma Surgery Unit Pisa University Hospital Pisa Italy

Global Alliance for Infections in Surgery Macerata Italy

Global Health eCore Vall d'Hebron University Hospital Campus Barcelona 08035 Spain

Infectious Disease and Intensive Care Unit Pontchaillou University Hospital Rennes France

Medicine Department Universitat Internacional de Catalunya Sant Cugat del Valles Spain

Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences Rohtak India

Pulmonary Department Hospital Clinic Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain

Section of Infectious Diseases Department of Internal Medicine Wake Forest University School of Medicine Winston Salem NC USA

Trinity College Dublin Dublin Ireland

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