The Edelstein effect is the origin of the spin-orbit torque: a current-induced torque that is used for the electrical control of ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic materials. This effect originates from the relativistic spin-orbit coupling, which necessitates utilizing materials with heavy elements. Here, we show that in magnetic materials with non-collinear magnetic order, the Edelstein effect and, consequently, a current-induced torque can exist even in the absence of the spin-orbit coupling. Using group symmetry analysis, model calculations, and realistic simulations on selected compounds, we identify large classes of non-collinear magnet candidates and demonstrate that the current-driven torque is of similar magnitude as the celebrated spin-orbit torque in conventional transition metal structures. We also show that this torque can exist in an insulating material, which could allow for highly efficient electrical control of magnetic order.

Aix Marseille Université CNRS CINaM Marseille France

Grupó de Investigación en Física Aplicada Departamento de Física Universidad del Norte Barranquilla Colombia

Institute of Physics Czech Academy of Sciences Cukrovarnická 10 162 00 Praha 6 Czech Republic

Zobrazit více v PubMed

Nagaosa, N., Sinova, J., Onoda, S., MacDonald, A. H. & Ong, N. P. Anomalous Hall effect.

Ritzinger, P. & Výborný, K. Anisotropic magnetoresistance: materials, models and applications. PubMed PMC

Sinova, J., Valenzuela, S. O., Wunderlich, J., Back, C. H. & Jungwirth, T. Spin Hall effect.

Soumyanarayanan, A., Reyren, N., Fert, A. & Panagopoulos, C. Spin-orbit coupling induced emergent phenomena at surfaces and interfaces. PubMed

Manchon, A. et al. Current-induced spin-orbit torques in ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic systems.

Sunko, V. et al. Maximal Rashba-like spin splitting via kinetic energy-driven inversion symmetry breaking. PubMed

Železný, J. et al. Unidirectional magnetoresistance and spin-orbit torque in NiMnSb.

Pekar, S. & Rashba, E. I. Combined resonance in crystals in inhomogeneous magnetic fields.

Ramazashvili, R. Kramers degeneracy in a magnetic field and Zeeman spin-orbit coupling in antiferromagnetic conductors. PubMed

Shindou, R. & Nagaosa, N. Orbital ferromagnetism and anomalous Hall effect in antiferromagnets on the distorted fcc lattice. PubMed

Martin, I. & Batista, C. D. Itinerant electron-driven chiral magnetic ordering and spontaneous quantum Hall effect in triangular lattice models. PubMed

Ndiaye, P. B., Abbout, A., Goli, V. M. L. D. P. & Manchon, A. Quantum anomalous Hall effect and Anderson-Chern insulating regime in the noncollinear antiferromagnetic 3Q state.

Zhang, Y., Zelezny, J., Sun, Y., Brink, J. V. D. & Yan, B. Spin Hall effect emerging from a noncollinear magnetic lattice without spin-orbit coupling.

Zelezný, J., Zhang, Y., Felser, C. & Yan, B. Spin-polarized current in noncollinear antiferromagnets. PubMed

Kimata, M. et al. Magnetic and magnetic inverse spin Hall effects in a non-collinear antiferromagnet. PubMed

Vasko, F. T. Spin splitting in the spectrum of two-dimensional electrons due to the surface potential.

Edelstein, V. M. Spin polarization of conduction electrons induced by electric current in two-dimensional asymmetric electron systems.

Aronov, A. G. & Lyanda-Geller, Y. B. Nuclear electric resonance and orientation of carrier spins by an electric field.

Šmejkal, L., Sinova, J. & Jungwirth, T. Emerging research landscape of altermagnetism.

López-Moreno, S., Romero, A. H., Mejía-López, J., Muñoz, A. & Roshchin, I. V. First-principles study of electronic, vibrational, elastic, and magnetic properties of FeF

Noda, Y., Ohno, K. & Nakamura, S. Momentum-dependent band spin splitting in semiconducting MnO PubMed

Okugawa, T., Ohno, K., Noda, Y. & Nakamura, S. Weakly spin-dependent band structures of antiferromagnetic perovskite LaMO PubMed

Šmejkal, L., González-hernández, R., Jungwirth, T. & Sinova, J. Crystal time-reversal symmetry breaking and spontaneous Hall effect in collinear antiferromagnets. PubMed PMC

Naka, M. et al. Spin current generation in organic antiferromagnets. PubMed PMC

Hayami, S., Yanagi, Y. & Kusunose, H. Momentum-dependent spin splitting by collinear antiferromagnetic ordering.

Ahn, K.-h, Hariki, A., Lee, K.-w & Kuneš, J. Antiferromagnetism in RuO

Yuan, L.-D., Wang, Z., Luo, J.-w, Rashba, E. I. & Zunger, A. Giant momentum-dependent spin splitting in centrosymmetric low-

González-Hernández, R. et al. Efficient electrical spin-splitter based on non-relativistic collinear antiferromagnetism. PubMed

Yuan, L.-D., Wang, Z., Luo, J. W. & Zunger, A. Prediction of low-

Šmejkal, L., Sinova, J. & Jungwirth, T. Beyond conventional ferromagnetism and antiferromagnetism: a phase with nonrelativistic spin and crystal rotation symmetry.

Egorov, S. A., Litvin, D. B. & Evarestov, R. A. Antiferromagnetism-induced spin splitting in systems described by magnetic layer groups.

Šmejkal, L., Hellenes, A. B., González-Hernández, R., Sinova, J. & Jungwirth, T. Giant and tunneling magnetoresistance in unconventional collinear antiferromagnets with nonrelativistic spin-momentum coupling.

Ghosh, S., Manchon, A. & Železný, J. Unconventional robust spin-transfer torque in noncollinear antiferromagnetic junctions. PubMed

Hayami, S., Yanagi, Y. & Kusunose, H. Spontaneous antisymmetric spin splitting in noncollinear antiferromagnets without spin-orbit coupling.

Hayami, S., Yanagi, Y. & Kusunose, H. Bottom-up design of spin-split and reshaped electronic band structures in antiferromagnets without spin-orbit coupling: procedure on the basis of augmented multipoles.

Hellenes, A. B., Jungwirth, T., Sinova, J. & Šmejkal, L. Unconventional p-wave magnets. Preprint at http://arxiv.org/abs/2309.01607 (2023).

Bihlmayer, G., Noël, P., Vyalikh, D. V., Chulkov, E. V. & Manchon, A. Rashba-like physics in condensed matter.

Brinkman, W. F. & Elliott, R. J. Theory of spin-space groups.

Litvin, D. B. & Opechowski, W. Spin groups.

Krempaský, J. et al. Altermagnetic lifting of Kramers spin degeneracy. PubMed PMC

Hajlaoui, M. et al. Temperature dependence of relativistic valence band splitting induced by an altermagnetic phase transition. PubMed

Železný, J. et al. Spin-orbit torques in locally and globally non-centrosymmetric crystals: antiferromagnets and ferromagnets.

Bonbien, V. & Manchon, A. Symmetrized decomposition of the Kubo-Bastin formula.

Kurebayashi, H. et al. An antidamping spin-orbit torque originating from the Berry curvature. PubMed

Li, H. et al. Intraband and interband spin-orbit torques in noncentrosymmetric ferromagnets.

Hanke, J.-P., Freimuth, F., Niu, C., Blügel, S. & Mokrousov, Y. Mixed Weyl semimetals and dissipationless magnetization control in insulators. PubMed PMC

Železný, J. et al. Relativistic Néel-order fields induced by electrical current in antiferromagnets. PubMed

Zhang, X., Liu, Q., Luo, J.-w, Freeman, A. J. & Zunger, A. Hidden spin polarization in inversion-symmetric bulk crystals.

Zhang, Y., Okamoto, S. & Xiao, D. Spin-Nernst effect in the paramagnetic regime of an antiferromagnetic insulator.

Železný, J. Linear response symmetry. Bitbucket https://bitbucket.org/zeleznyj/linear-response-symmetry (2024).

Freimuth, F., Blügel, S. & Mokrousov, Y. Spin-orbit torques in Co/Pt(111) and Mn/W(001) magnetic bilayers from first principles.

Kurz, P., Bihlmayer, G., Hirai, K. & Blügel, S. Three-dimensional spin structure on a two-dimensional lattice: Mn/Cu(111). PubMed

Kato, Y., Martin, I. & Batista, C. D. Stability of the spontaneous quantum Hall state in the triangular Kondo-lattice model. PubMed

Endoh, Y. & Ishikawa, Y. Antiferromagnetism of γ iron manganes alloys.

Gardner, J. S., Gingras, M. J. & Greedan, J. E. Magnetic pyrochlore oxides.

Manchon, A., Koo, H. C., Nitta, J., Frolov, S. M. & Duine, R. A. New perspectives for Rashba spin-orbit coupling. PubMed

Tomiyoshi, S. Polarized neutron diffraction study of the spin structure of Mn

Nakatsuji, S., Kiyohara, N. & Higo, T. Large anomalous Hall effect in a non-collinear antiferromagnet at room temperature. PubMed

Tsai, H. et al. Electrical manipulation of a topological antiferromagnetic state. PubMed

Krishnaswamy, G. K. et al. Time-dependent multistate switching of topological antiferromagnetic order in Mn

Pal, B. et al. Setting of the magnetic structure of chiral kagome antiferromagnets by a seeded spin-orbit torque. PubMed PMC

Xie, H. et al. Magnetization switching in polycrystalline Mn PubMed PMC

Disseler, S. M. et al. Magnetic structure and ordering of multiferroic hexagonal LuFeO PubMed

Suresh, P. et al. Magnetic ground state of the multiferroic hexagonal LuFeO

Das, H., Wysocki, A. L., Geng, Y., Wu, W. & Fennie, C. J. Bulk magnetoelectricity in the hexagonal manganites and ferrites. PubMed

Garate, I. & Franz, M. Magnetoelectric response of the time-reversal invariant helical metal.

Tang, J. & Cheng, R. Lossless Spin-Orbit Torque in Antiferromagnetic Topological Insulator MnBi PubMed

Qi, X.-L., Hughes, T. L. & Zhang, S.-C. Topological field theory of time-reversal invariant insulators.

Chen, H., Niu, Q. & Macdonald, A. H. Anomalous Hall effect arising from noncollinear antiferromagnetism. PubMed

Kresse, G. & Furthmüller, J. Efficient iterative schemes for ab initio total-energy calculations using a plane-wave basis set. PubMed

Pizzi, G. et al. Wannier90 as a community code: new features and applications. PubMed

Železný, J. Wannier linear response. Bitbucket https://bitbucket.org/zeleznyj/wannier-linear-response (2024).

Highly efficient non-relativistic Edelstein effect in nodal p-wave magnets