Instruct-ERIC, "the European Research Infrastructure Consortium for Structural biology research," is a pan-European distributed research infrastructure making high-end technologies and methods in structural biology available to users. Here, we describe the current state-of-the-art of integrated structural biology and discuss potential future scientific developments as an impulse for the scientific community, many of which are located in Europe and are associated with Instruct. We reflect on where to focus scientific and technological initiatives within the distributed Instruct research infrastructure. This review does not intend to make recommendations on funding requirements or initiatives directly, neither at the national nor the European level. However, it addresses future challenges and opportunities for the field, and foresees the need for a stronger coordination within the European and international research field of integrated structural biology to be able to respond timely to thematic topics that are often prioritized by calls for funding addressing societal needs.

Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology and School of Molecular and Cellular Biology University of Leeds Leeds LS2 9JT UK

Biocomputing Unit National Centre for Biotechnology Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Darwin 3 Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain

Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance Institute for Organic Chemistry Max von Laue Str 7 60438 Frankfurt M Germany

Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance Institute for Organic Chemistry Max von Laue Str 7 60438 Frankfurt M Germany; Instruct ERIC Oxford House Parkway Court John Smith Drive Oxford OX4 2JY UK

Central European Institute of Technology Masaryk University Kamenice 753 5 62500 Brno Czech Republic

Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche di Metallo Proteine CIRMMP Via Luigi Sacconi 6 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy

Department of Chemical and Structural Biology Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot Israel

Department of Chemistry Ugo Schiff University of Florence and Magnetic Resonance Center University of Florence 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy

Department of Molecular Structural Biology Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry 82152 Martinsried Germany

Division of Biochemistry The Netherlands Cancer Institute Amsterdam the Netherlands

European Molecular Biology Laboratory Grenoble Grenoble France

European Molecular Biology Laboratory Hamburg Hamburg Germany

Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine and Biocenter Oulu University of Oulu Oulu Finland

Institut de Biologie Structurale Université Grenoble Alpes CEA CNRS UMR5075 71 Avenue des Martyrs 38000 Grenoble France

Instruct ERIC Oxford House Parkway Court John Smith Drive Oxford OX4 2JY UK

Laboratory of Enzymology and Protein Folding Centre for Protein Engineering InBioS Research Unit University of Liège Building B6C Quartier Agora Allée du 6 Août 13 4000 Liège Belgium

Macromolecular Crystallography Helmholtz Zentrum Albert Einstein Str 15 12489 Berlin Germany

NMR Spectroscopy Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research Utrecht University Padualaan 8 Utrecht 3584 CH the Netherlands

Structural Biology and NMR Laboratory Linderstrøm Lang Centre for Protein Science Department of Biology University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark

VIB VUB Center for Structural Biology VIB Pleinlaan 2 Brussels Belgium

York Structural Biology Laboratory Department of Chemistry University of York York YO10 3BG UK

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Protein structure and interactions elucidated with in-cell NMR for different cell cycle phases and in 3D human tissue models