Obesity is a major health challenge of the 21st century and the number of obese people is increasing worldwide and with it the number of people suffering from obesity-related diseases. The relationship between the presence of obesity and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection has long been a subject of interest across the literature. The presented review aimed to analyze the prevalence of H. pylori in adults with higher BMI. A literature search was conducted using the electronic databases Scopus, PubMed and Web of science. The term "Helicobacter pylori" was searched with obesity-related keyword combinations. A total of 1.109 records, published in the last 18 years, were identified through the database search. Of these articles, seven were ultimately included in the analysis. Although the studies did not all agree on the same conclusion, most of them have shown that the greater prevalence of H. pylori can be observed in participants with higher BMI, than in normal-weight individuals. A higher prevalence of H. pylori can be observed in obese individuals. However, further research is needed to clearly confirm the BMI-H. pylori relationship. Key words Obesity " BMI " Helicobacter pylori " Prevalence.

Department of Epidemiology and Public Health University of Ostrava Ostrava Czech Republic

Zobrazit více v PubMed

Ng M, Fleming T, Robinson M, Thomson B, Graetz N, Margono C, Mullany EC, et al. Global, Regional, and National Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in Children and Adults during 1980–2013: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet. 2014;384:766–781. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60460-8. PubMed DOI PMC

Morshed AB, Kasman M, Heuberger B, Hammond RA, Hovmand PS. A Systematic Review of System Dynamics and Agent-Based Obesity Models: Evaluating Obesity as Part of the Global Syndemic. Obes Rev. 2019;20(Suppl 2):161–178. doi: 10.1111/obr.12877. PubMed DOI

Swinburn BA, Kraak VI, Allender S, Atkins V, Baker PI, Bogard JR, Brinsden H, et al. The Global Syndemic of Obesity, Undernutrition, and Climate Change: The Lancet Commission Report. Lancet. 2019;393:791–846. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32822-8. PubMed DOI

O’Connor A, O’Morain CA, Ford AC. Population Screening and Treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infection. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017;14:230–240. doi: 10.1038/nrgastro.2016.195. PubMed DOI

Chey WD, Leontiadis GI, Howden CW, Moss SF. ACG Clinical Guideline: Treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infection. Am J Gastroenterol. 2017;112:212–239. doi: 10.1038/ajg.2016.563. PubMed DOI

Wang F, Meng W, Wang B, Qiao L. Helicobacter pylori-Induced Gastric Inflammation and Gastric Cancer. Cancer Lett. 2014;345:196–202. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2013.08.016. PubMed DOI

Dharan M, Wozny D. Helicobacter pylori Infection and Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth - More than What Meets the Eye. World J Clin Cases. 2022;10:7209–7214. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i21.7209. PubMed DOI PMC

Muhammad JS, Zaidi SF, Sugiyama T. Epidemiological Ins and Outs of Helicobacter pylori: A Review. J Pak Med Assoc. 2012;62:955–959. PubMed

Ito M, Sugiyama A, Mino M, Kodama M, Nagaoki Y, Abe K, Imada H, et al. Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori Infection in the General Population Evaluated by a Resident-Register-Based Epidemiological Study. J Gastroenterol. 2022;57:540–546. doi: 10.1007/s00535-022-01885-5. PubMed DOI

Liu J, Wang Y, Zhao Q, Luo R, Xiao M, Zhang M, Xiel W. Prevalence and Risk Factors for Helicobacter pylori Infection in Southwest China: A Study of Health Examination Participants Based on 13C-Urea Breath Test. Turk J Med Sci. 2017;47:1456–1462. doi: 10.3906/sag-1605-149. PubMed DOI

Suki M, Leibovici Weissman Y, Boltin D, Itskoviz D, Perets TT, Comaneshter D, Cohen A, et al. Helicobacter pylori Infection Is Positively Associated with an Increased BMI, Irrespective of Socioeconomic Status and Other Confounders: A Cohort Study. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2018;30:143–148. doi: 10.1097/MEG.0000000000001014. PubMed DOI

Kamada T, Hata J, Kusunoki H, Ito M, Tanaka S, Kawamura Y, Chayama K, Haruma K. Eradication of Helicobacter pylori Increases the Incidence of Hyperlipidaemia and Obesity in Peptic Ulcer Patients. Dig Liver Dis. 2005;37:39–43. doi: 10.1016/j.dld.2004.07.017. PubMed DOI

Wu MS, Lee WJ, Wang HH, Huang SP, Lin JT. A Case-Control Study of Association of Helicobacter pylori Infection with Morbid Obesity in Taiwan. Arch Intern Med. 2005;165:1552–1555. doi: 10.1001/archinte.165.13.1552. PubMed DOI

Thjodleifsson B, Olafsson I, Gislason D, Gislason T, Jögi R, Janson C. Infections and Obesity: A Multinational Epidemiological Study. Scand J Infect Dis. 2008;40:381–386. doi: 10.1080/00365540701708293. PubMed DOI

Aydemir S, Bayraktaroglu T, Sert M, Sokmen C, Atmaca H, Mungan G, Gun BD, et al. The Effect of Helicobacter pylori on Insulin Resistance. Dig Dis Sci. 2005;50:2090–2093. doi: 10.1007/s10620-005-3012-z. PubMed DOI

Arslan E, Atilgan H, Yavaşoğlu I. The Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in Obese Subjects. Eur J Intern Med. 2009;20:695–697. doi: 10.1016/j.ejim.2009.07.013. PubMed DOI

Reen DJ. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) Methods Mol Biol. 1994;32:461–466. doi: 10.1385/0-89603-268-X:461. PubMed DOI

Osaki T, Mabe K, Hanawa T, Kamiya S. Urease-Positive Bacteria in the Stomach Induce a False-Positive Reaction in a Urea Breath Test for Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection. J Med Microbiol. 2008;57:814–819. doi: 10.1099/jmm.0.47768-0. PubMed DOI

Špičák J. Novinky v Gastroenterologii a Hepatologii. Grada, Praha; 2008. p. 421.

Siddiqui B, Yakoob J, Abbas Z, Azmat R, Fatima SS, Awan S. Distribution of Helicobacter pylori Infection and Abnormal Body Mass Index (BMI) in a Developing Country. J Infect Dev Ctries. 2018;12:342–346. doi: 10.3855/jidc.10051. PubMed DOI

Xu MY, Liu L, Yuan BS, Yin J, Lu QB. Association of Obesity with Helicobacter pylori Infection: A Retrospective Study. World J Gastroenterol. 2017;23:2750–2756. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i15.2750. PubMed DOI PMC

Xu X, Li W, Qin L, Yang W, Yu G, Wei Q. Relationship between Helicobacter pylori Infection and Obesity in Chinese Adults: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis. PLoS One. 2019;14:e0221076. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221076. PubMed DOI PMC

Hooi JKY, Lai WY, Ng WK, Suen MMY, Underwood FE, Tanyingoh D, Malfertheiner P, et al. Global Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori Infection: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Gastroenterology. 2017;153:420–429. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2017.04.022. PubMed DOI

Peleteiro B, Bastos A, Ferro A, Lunet N. Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori Infection Worldwide: A Systematic Review of Studies with National Coverage. Eur J Cancer Prev. 2014;23:71–85. doi: 10.1097/CEJ.0000000000000020. PubMed DOI

Zamani M, Ebrahimtabar F, Zamani V, Miller WH, Alizadeh-Navaei R, Shokri-Shirvani J, Derakhshan MH. Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis: The Worldwide Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori Infection. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2018;47:868–876. doi: 10.1111/apt.14561. PubMed DOI

Nasif WA, Mukhtar MH, Ali ASE, Eldein MMN, Almaimani RA, Ashgar SS. Body Mass Index Is Associated with Helicobacter pylori Infection and Increased Oxidative DNA Damage in an Obese Population. J Int Med Res. 2022;50:3000605221076975. doi: 10.1177/03000605221076975. PubMed DOI PMC

Al-Zubaidi AM, Alzobydi AH, Alsareii SA, Al-Shahrani A, Alzaman N, Kassim S. Body Mass Index and Helicobacter pylori among Obese and Non-Obese Patients in Najran, Saudi Arabia: A Case-Control Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018;15:2586. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15112586. PubMed DOI PMC

Bureš J, Kopáčová M, Koupil I, Seifert B, Škodová Fendrichová M, Špirková J, et al. Significant decrease in prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in the Czech Republic. World J Gastroenterol. 2012;18:4412–4418. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v18.i32.4412. PubMed DOI PMC