Marine diplonemids (Diplonemidae and Hemistasiidae), once considered difficult to culture, can now be introduced into stable axenic cultures and grown to high densities. This chapter provides detailed protocols on establishing clonal cultures from environmental cells, their axenization and routine maintenance, as well as instructions on mid- and large-scale cultivation, estimation of cell density, and cryopreservation of selected species.

Department of Biochemistry and Robert Cedergren Centre for Bioinformatics and Genomics Université de Montréal Montréal QC Canada

Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology University of California Davis CA USA

Faculty of Natural Sciences Comenius University Bratislava Slovakia

Faculty of Science University of Ostrava Ostrava Czech Republic

Faculty of Science University of South Bohemia České Budějovice Czech Republic

Institute of Evolutionary Biology Faculty of Biology University of Warsaw Warsaw Poland

Institute of Parasitology Biology Centre Czech Academy of Sciences České Budějovice Czech Republic

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