BACKGROUND: Imidacloprid-urea is the primary imidacloprid soil metabolite, whereas imidacloprid-olefin is the main plant-relevant metabolite and is more toxic to insects than imidacloprid. We artificially contaminated potting soil and used quantitative UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS to determine the imidacloprid, imidacloprid-olefin and imidacloprid-urea distributions in rapeseed green plant tissues and roots after 4 weeks of exposure. RESULTS: In soil, the imidacloprid/imidacloprid-urea molar ratios decreased similarly after the 250 and 2500 µg kg(-1) imidacloprid treatments. The imidacloprid/imidacloprid-urea molar ratios in the root and soil were similar, whereas in the green plant tissue, imidacloprid-urea increased more than twofold compared with the root. Although imidacloprid-olefin was prevalent in the green plant tissues, with imidacloprid/imidacloprid-olefin molar ratios of 2.24 and 1.47 for the 250 and 2500 µg kg(-1) treatments respectively, it was not detected in the root. However, imidacloprid-olefin was detected in the soil after the 2500 µg kg(-1) imidacloprid treatment. CONCLUSION: Significant proportions of imidacloprid-olefin and imidacloprid-urea in green plant tissues were demonstrated. The greater imidacloprid supply increased the imidacloprid-olefin/imidacloprid molar ratio in the green plant tissues. The absence of imidacloprid-olefin in the root excluded its retransport from leaves. The similar imidacloprid/imidacloprid-urea ratios in the soil and root indicated that the root serves primarily for transporting these substances. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.

• MeSH
• alkeny metabolismus   MeSH
• Brassica rapa účinky léků   metabolismus   fyziologie   MeSH
• dusíkaté sloučeniny metabolismus   MeSH
• imidazoly metabolismus   MeSH
• kořeny rostlin účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• látky znečišťující půdu toxicita   MeSH
• močovina metabolismus   MeSH
• opylení MeSH
• půda chemie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

A new ultra HPLC (UHPLC) method using both MS and fluorescence detection (FD) was developed for the determination of five fluoroquinolones in wastewaters. Systematic method development approach was compared with a conventional one. During the systematic approach, a possibility of automatic switching among four independent analytical columns of different chemistries has been used. Acidic as well as basic pH using ACN and methanol as organic modifiers was tested. The best separation of fluoroquinolones was obtained on phenyl analytical column at pH 10.5, which is a completely novel approach for separation of fluoroquinolones. Further, a new SPE procedure was developed for the sample preparation using basic pH as well. The sensitivity and selectivity of FD and MS detection were compared. FD at basic pH 10.5 demonstrated lower sensitivity than at acidic pH, which is conventionally performed. At basic pH, UHPLC-MS/MS was found about two orders of magnitude more sensitive than FD. Both methods were validated and subsequently UHPLC-FD method was used for the evaluation of stability of fluoroquinolones. UHPLC-MS/MS method was used for the analysis of wastewater samples. Norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin were detected in samples of influent and effluent from wastewater treatment plant. Ofloxacin was detected only in influent from wastewater treatment plant.

• MeSH
• antibakteriální látky analýza   MeSH
• chemické látky znečišťující vodu analýza   MeSH
• fluorescenční spektrometrie přístrojové vybavení   metody   MeSH
• fluorochinolony analýza   MeSH
• hmotnostní spektrometrie přístrojové vybavení   metody   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• molekulární struktura MeSH
• odpadní vody chemie   MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• senzitivita a specificita MeSH
• vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie přístrojové vybavení   metody   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• hodnotící studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH