With the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, a problem arose with classic body donation programmes for obtaining cadavers for anatomical dissections, science and research. The question has emerged whether bodies of individuals who died of COVID-19 or were infected by SARS-CoV-2 could be admitted to Departments of Anatomy. To determine the risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission to employees or students, the presence and stability of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in cadavers after fixation agents' application and subsequent post-fixation baths over time were examined. The presence of viral RNA in swabs from selected tissues was assessed by the standardized routine RNA isolation protocol and subsequent real-time PCR analysis. To support the results obtained from the tissue swabs, samples of RNA were exposed in vitro to short and long-term exposure to the components of the injection and fixation solutions used for the bodies' conservation. Substantial removal of SARS-CoV-2 RNA was observed in post-mortem tissue following perfusion with 3.5% phenol, 2.2% formaldehyde, 11.8% glycerol and 55% ethanol, and subsequent post-fixation in an ethanol bath. In vitro experiments showed significant effects of formaldehyde on SARS-CoV-2 RNA, while phenol and ethanol showed only negligible effects. We conclude that cadavers subjected to fixation protocols as described here should not pose a considerable risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection while being handled by students and staff and are, therefore, suitable for routine anatomical dissections and teaching.

• MeSH
• COVID-19 * MeSH
• ethanol MeSH
• fenoly MeSH
• formaldehyd MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mrtvola MeSH
• pandemie MeSH
• RNA virová MeSH
• SARS-CoV-2 * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

The purpose of the study was to discover a way to study the internal structure and evolution of human embryos noninvasively. The human embryo was stained with phosphotungstic acid solution (PTA) in ethanol (EPTA) and scanned using a micro computed tomography (micro-CT) scanner. Using appropriate software, a three-dimensional image of the embryo was created, which could be further exploited. The methodology described could be used for the non-destructive examination of the internal structure of the human embryo, and the resulting data can be used as a resource for medical students, gynaecologists, and paediatricians.

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• plod diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• rentgenová mikrotomografie metody   MeSH
• zobrazování trojrozměrné * metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

While investigating the cause of entrapment syndrome of the peripheral nerves in the elbow region, we observed variability of the pronator teres muscle and the relationship of this muscle to the median nerve and the surrounding vessels. Attention was also paid to the occurrence of the supracondylar process of the humerus and Struthers' ligament with regard to their ontogenetic and phylogenetic development. For this purpose, a classical anatomical dissection of the upper limbs of 68 adults, three fetuses and a phylogenetic assessment of five mammalian species was performed. In terms of variability in the anatomical structures of the elbow region, we found the most serious clinical condition to be where the median nerve ran through the pronator canal together with the ulnar vessels (1.5%), or when it passed through the ulnar head of the pronator teres (5.9%). The pronator teres examined by us in fetuses showed the same arrangement as in adult individuals, including the created ulnar head. The occurrence of a supracondylar process and Struthers' ligament was not observed in our collection. The presence of these structures was not confirmed during the fetal period, either. The phylogenetic part of the study re-opened the question of the meaning and function of the entepicondylar foramen, because we noted differences in the occurrence of this structure in two related genera with a very similar way of life (Djungarian hamster and golden hamster).

• MeSH
• arteria ulnaris anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• humerus anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• kosterní svaly anatomie a histologie   inervace   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nervus medianus anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• plod anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH