In this study we analyzed and characterized 29 psychoactive remedies, illicit drugs and their metabolites in single stages of wastewater treatment plants in the capital city of Slovakia. Psychoactive compounds were present within all stages, and tramadol was detected at a very high concentration (706 ng/L). Significant decreases of codeine, THC-COOH, cocaine and buprenorphine concentration were observed in the biological stage. Consequently, we were interested in the possibility of alternative tertiary post-treatment of effluent water with the following aquatic plants: Cabomba caroliniana, Limnophila sessiliflora, Egeria najas and Iris pseudacorus. The most effective plant for tertiary cleansing was I. pseudacorus which demonstrated the best pharmaceutical removal capacity. After 48 h codeine and citalopram was removed with 87% efficiency. After 96 h were all analyzed compounds were eliminated with efficiencies above 58%.

• MeSH
• biodegradace MeSH
• chemické látky znečišťující vodu analýza   metabolismus   MeSH
• monitorování životního prostředí MeSH
• odpad tekutý - odstraňování MeSH
• odpadní voda analýza   MeSH
• psychotropní léky analýza   metabolismus   MeSH
• rostliny metabolismus   MeSH
• zakázané drogy analýza   metabolismus   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

We analyzed 13 psychoactive pharmaceuticals, illicit drugs and their metabolites in wastewater treatment plant influent and effluent and the possibility of their degradation by biological and chemical processes. Tramadol (413-853 ng/L) and methamphetamine (460-682 ng/L) were the most concentrated compounds in the wastewater in winter and summer, respectively. A significant decrease in the concentration of tramadol in wastewater was measured during the summer. The lowest efficiency was observed for tramadol, venlafaxine, citalopram and oxazepam (∼ 10%) and the highest efficiency was observed for amphetamine and THC-COOH (∼ 80%). The efficiency of compound degradation via the Fenton reaction, a modified Fenton reaction and different degradation (by algae, wood-rotting fungi and enzymes at influent versus effluent) was determined. The Fenton reaction and its modification were efficient at eliminating these substances in comparison with the tested biological processes.

• MeSH
• adsorpce MeSH
• chemické látky znečišťující vodu analýza   chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• Chlorella chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• čištění vody metody   MeSH
• enzymy chemie   MeSH
• kyseliny sírové chemie   MeSH
• léčivé přípravky analýza   chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• odpadní voda analýza   MeSH
• peroxid vodíku chemie   MeSH
• Pleurotus chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• železité sloučeniny chemie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH