• Keywords
• Archie Brain,
• MeSH
• History, 20th Century MeSH
• History of Medicine MeSH
• Laryngeal Masks history   MeSH
• Respiration, Artificial instrumentation   MeSH
• Famous Persons MeSH
• Airway Management instrumentation   MeSH
• Check Tag
• History, 20th Century MeSH
• Publication type
• Biography MeSH
• Historical Article MeSH

• MeSH
• Intubation, Intratracheal MeSH
• Laryngeal Masks MeSH
• Monitoring, Physiologic MeSH
• Airway Management methods   instrumentation   MeSH
• Nurses MeSH

• MeSH
• Laryngeal Masks classification   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Infant, Newborn MeSH
• Pulmonary Surfactants * administration & dosage   pharmacology   classification   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Pulmonary Ventilation MeSH
• Respiratory Distress Syndrome diagnosis   drug therapy   nursing   MeSH
• Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn * diagnosis   drug therapy   nursing   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Infant, Newborn MeSH
• Publication type
• Review MeSH

Novým osobním ochranným prostředkem je obličejová maska vybavená nanovlákenným filtrem s enkapsulovaným jodovaným povidonem, která byla vyvinuta a otestována při klinické zkoušce. Filtr s funkcionalizovanými nanovlákny se vyznačuje nízkým průtokovým (vdechovým) odporem, umožňuje tudíž pohodlné dýchání a minimalizuje vdechování vzduchu procházejícího mimo filtr. Filtr je díky přítomnosti aktivní látky vhodný i pro aplikaci po nechráněné virové expozici. Uskutečněná zkouška prokázala, že testovaný nanovlákenný filtr s jodovaným povidonem se vyznačuje pomalým uvolňováním jódu, které minimalizuje vedlejší účinky, ale zachovává dezinfekční účinnost. Z výsledků naší klinické zkoušky provedené na 207 pozitivně testovaných pacientech se SARS-CoV-2, kteří nosili osobní ochranné prostředky po dobu 4–8 hodin denně po dobu 1 až 4 dnů, vyplynulo, že i množství jódu pouhých 0,00028 ppm postačovalo k významnému snížení reprodukčního čísla a také k ochraně před závažným průběhem onemocnění.

The novel personal protection equipment based on a face mask equipped with a nanofiber filter functionalized with povidone iodine has been developed and tested in a clinical trial. This nanofiber filter was characterized with a low flow resistance and, thus, allowed comfortable breathing. The performed study proved that the novel nanofiber filter with incorporated povidone-iodine was characterized with a slow release of iodine which minimized side effects but kept disinfection efficiency. Our clinical study performed on 207 positively tested SARS-CoV-2 patients wearing the PPE for 4–8 hours daily for 1 to 4 days has shown that even the iodine amount as low as 0.00028 ppm was sufficient to significantly decrease the reproduction number and, very importantly, to protect against severe course of disease.

• MeSH
• Anti-Infective Agents, Local administration & dosage   MeSH
• COVID-19 * prevention & control   MeSH
• Povidone-Iodine administration & dosage   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Clinical Studies as Topic MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Masks MeSH
• Nanofibers MeSH
• Personal Protective Equipment MeSH
• SARS-CoV-2 MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH

BACKGROUND: The i-gel® Plus is a modified version of the i-gel® supraglottic airway device. It contains a wider drainage port; a longer tip; ramps inside the breathing channel; and an additional port for oxygen delivery. There has been no prospective evaluation of this device in clinical practice. METHODS: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the performance of the i-gel Plus in adult patients undergoing elective procedures under general anaesthesia. The primary outcome was overall insertion success rate, defined as the ability to provide effective airway management through the device from insertion until the end of the surgical procedure. Secondary outcomes included device performance and incidence of postoperative adverse events. Data from the first 1000 patients are reported. RESULTS: In total, 1012 patients were enrolled; 12 forms were excluded from the final analysis due to incomplete data leaving 1000 included patients (545 female). Overall insertion success rate was 98.6%, with a first-attempt success rate of insertion of 88.2%. A significant difference between females and males was seen for the overall success rate (97.4% vs. 99.6% respectively) but not for first-attempt successful insertion. Mean (SD) oropharyngeal seal pressure was 32 (7) cmH2O. The only independent factor that increased the risk of first-attempt failure was low operator experience. Complications included desaturation < 85% in 0.6%; traces of blood on the device in 7.4%; laryngospasm in 0.5%; and gastric contents inside the bowl in 0.2% of patients. CONCLUSIONS: The i-gel Plus appears to be an effective supraglottic airway device that is associated with a high insertion success rate and a reasonably low incidence of complications.

• MeSH
• Anesthesia, General MeSH
• Equipment Design MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Elective Surgical Procedures * MeSH
• Intubation, Intratracheal * instrumentation   methods   MeSH
• Cohort Studies MeSH
• Laryngeal Masks * MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Postoperative Complications epidemiology   MeSH
• Prospective Studies MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Airway Management instrumentation   methods   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Multicenter Study MeSH

The recent pandemic has shown that protecting the general population from hazardous substances or pathogens can be a challenging and urgent task. The key element to adequate protection is appropriately sized, well-fitted and sufficiently distributed personal protective equipment (PPE). While these conditions are followed for adult PPE wearers, they are less considered when it comes to protecting subadults. In this study, the assessment of the fit and design improvements of a 3D-printed facial half mask for subadult wearers (4-18 years) is designed. The target population was represented by 1137 subadults, aged 4.06-18.94 years, for whom 3D face models were acquired. The half mask tested, which was originally provided in one subadult size, did not fit appropriately the target population. This finding prompted the creation of four size categories using the age-dependent distribution of the centroid size calculated from 7 facial landmarks. For each size category, a modified half-mask virtual design was created, including resizing and reshaping, and fit was evaluated visually and numerically using averaged and random 3D face representatives.Practitioner summary: The reason for this study was to describe procedures which led to design improvement of an existing half-mask and provide respiratory protection for subadults. To address this, fit was assessed using an innovative metric approach. Four sizes were then created based on centroid size, resulting in improved fit and design.Abbreviations: CH: cheilion landmark; CS: centroid size; EX: exocanthion landmark; GN: gnathion landmark; N: nasion landmark; PPE: personal protective equipment; PR: pronasale landmark; RPE: respiratory protective equipment.

• MeSH
• Printing, Three-Dimensional MeSH
• COVID-19 prevention & control   MeSH
• Equipment Design * MeSH
• Child MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Masks * MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Face MeSH
• Child, Preschool MeSH
• Respiratory Protective Devices MeSH
• Check Tag
• Child MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Child, Preschool MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

• MeSH
• Betacoronavirus MeSH
• COVID-19 MeSH
• Disease Outbreaks MeSH
• Infection Control MeSH
• Coronavirus Infections MeSH
• Masks MeSH
• Personal Protective Equipment MeSH

• Conspectus
• Veřejné zdraví a hygiena
• NML Fields
• infekční lékařství
• veřejné zdravotnictví
• NML Publication type
• publikace WHO

Given their primacy in discussions over public health measures throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, this paper focuses on leadership's messages around masks and mask-wearing, aiming to emphasise the responsibility of leadership in the formation of norms during public health crises. It argues for the importance of robust messaging as a key factor in confidence building and public abidance to health measures, using the shortcomings in mask-wearing communication as a case study. For this purpose, the paper first discusses securitization theory and places it in the context of health to build on risk communication framework. Secondly, it examines the role of leadership and meaning-making in that process by discussing the WHO's early mask guidance and consequent challenges at the state-level by political and health leadership. Lastly, the paper confirms the importance of citizenry's successful reception of health guidance and outlines potential tactics to do so. Having discussed that, the paper addresses other hindrances to public health messaging and confidence-building that rest outside official communication, namely disinformation and misinformation but also negative non-discursive messaging. This, with the aim of building on available literature on the development of epidemiological response and management from a security lens.

• MeSH
• COVID-19 * prevention & control   MeSH
• Disinformation MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Masks MeSH
• Protective Devices adverse effects   MeSH
• Pandemics * prevention & control   MeSH
• Propaganda MeSH
• Health Policy MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH

• Keywords
• PAXLOVID, Ministerstvo zdravotnictví ČR,
• MeSH
• Antiviral Agents pharmacology   therapeutic use   MeSH
• COVID-19 * epidemiology   prevention & control   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Masks MeSH
• Public Health Surveillance * methods   MeSH
• COVID-19 Testing methods   standards   MeSH
• COVID-19 Vaccines therapeutic use   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH

Running across the globe for nearly 2 years, the Covid-19 pandemic keeps demonstrating its strength. Despite a lot of understanding, uncertainty regarding the efficiency of interventions still persists. We developed an age-structured epidemic model parameterized with epidemiological and sociological data for the first Covid-19 wave in the Czech Republic and found that (1) starting the spring 2020 lockdown 4 days earlier might prevent half of the confirmed cases by the end of lockdown period, (2) personal protective measures such as face masks appear more effective than just a realized reduction in social contacts, (3) the strategy of sheltering just the elderly is not at all effective, and (4) leaving schools open is a risky strategy. Despite vaccination programs, evidence-based choice and timing of non-pharmaceutical interventions remains an effective weapon against the Covid-19 pandemic.

• MeSH
• Models, Biological MeSH
• COVID-19 * epidemiology   prevention & control   MeSH
• Communicable Disease Control MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Masks * MeSH
• Mathematical Concepts MeSH
• Pandemics prevention & control   MeSH
• SARS-CoV-2 MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Schools MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Geographicals
• Czech Republic MeSH